ABAP Select data from SAP table S281 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP S281 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to S281. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the S281 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_S281 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF S281,
      WA_S281 TYPE S281,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <S281> TYPE S281.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_S281.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM S281
  INTO TABLE IT_S281.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM S281
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_S2812).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_S281 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_S2812).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_S281 ASSIGNING <S281>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<S281>-MANDT = 1.
<S281>-SSOUR = 1.
<S281>-VRSIO = 1.
<S281>-SPMON = 1.
<S281>-SPTAG = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_S281 INTO WA_S281.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_S281-SPWOC, sy-vline,
  WA_S281-SPBUP, sy-vline,
  WA_S281-AUFNR, sy-vline,
  WA_S281-VORNR, sy-vline,
  WA_S281-UVORN, sy-vline,
  WA_S281-PERIV, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_S281 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_S281 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_S281 INTO WA_S281.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit PERI, internal->external for field SPMON
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_PERI_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_S281-SPMON
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_S281-SPMON.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit PERI, internal->external for field SPWOC
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_PERI_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_S281-SPWOC
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_S281-SPWOC.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit PERI, internal->external for field SPBUP
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_PERI_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_S281-SPBUP
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_S281-SPBUP.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field AUFNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_S281-AUFNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_S281-AUFNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit NUMCV, internal->external for field VORNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_NUMCV_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_S281-VORNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_S281-VORNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit NUMCV, internal->external for field UVORN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_NUMCV_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_S281-UVORN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_S281-UVORN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MEINH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_S281-MEINH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_S281-MEINH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field DFZEH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_S281-DFZEH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_S281-DFZEH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field RSTZE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_S281-RSTZE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_S281-RSTZE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field BEAZE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_S281-BEAZE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_S281-BEAZE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field ARUZE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_S281-ARUZE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_S281-ARUZE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field LIGZE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_S281-LIGZE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_S281-LIGZE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field TRAZE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_S281-TRAZE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_S281-TRAZE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field WRTZE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_S281-WRTZE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_S281-WRTZE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field KEINH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_S281-KEINH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_S281-KEINH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_S281-MATNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_S281-MATNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KDAUF
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_S281-KDAUF
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_S281-KDAUF.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_S281_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
SSOUR TYPE STRING,
VRSIO TYPE STRING,
SPMON TYPE STRING,
SPTAG TYPE STRING,
SPWOC TYPE STRING,
SPBUP TYPE STRING,
AUFNR TYPE STRING,
VORNR TYPE STRING,
UVORN TYPE STRING,
PERIV TYPE STRING,
VWDAT TYPE STRING,
MEINH TYPE STRING,
DFZEH TYPE STRING,
RSTZE TYPE STRING,
BEAZE TYPE STRING,
ARUZE TYPE STRING,
LIGZE TYPE STRING,
TRAZE TYPE STRING,
WRTZE TYPE STRING,
KEINH TYPE STRING,
MGVRG TYPE STRING,
ASVRG TYPE STRING,
GMNGA TYPE STRING,
LMNGA TYPE STRING,
XMNGA TYPE STRING,
FSEDD TYPE STRING,
FSAVD TYPE STRING,
IEAVD TYPE STRING,
IADD TYPE STRING,
IEDD TYPE STRING,
ISDD TYPE STRING,
SSADD TYPE STRING,
SSAVD TYPE STRING,
SSEDD TYPE STRING,
ISAVD TYPE STRING,
S_DFZ TYPE STRING,
I_DFZ TYPE STRING,
RUEST TYPE STRING,
BEARZ TYPE STRING,
ABRUE TYPE STRING,
LIEGZ TYPE STRING,
TRANZ TYPE STRING,
WARTZ TYPE STRING,
WERKS TYPE STRING,
ARBPL TYPE STRING,
KRUES TYPE STRING,
KBEAS TYPE STRING,
KABRS TYPE STRING,
MCFSEDD TYPE STRING,
MCFSAVD TYPE STRING,
MCIADD TYPE STRING,
MCIEAVD TYPE STRING,
MCISAVD TYPE STRING,
MCSSADD TYPE STRING,
MCSSEDD TYPE STRING,
MCSSAVD TYPE STRING,
MCISDD TYPE STRING,
MCIEDD TYPE STRING,
PWERK TYPE STRING,
MATNR TYPE STRING,
KDAUF TYPE STRING,
S_DLZ TYPE STRING,
I_DLZ TYPE STRING,
Z_TAB TYPE STRING,
A_TAB TYPE STRING,
R_TAB TYPE STRING,
R_TABP TYPE STRING,
R_TABN TYPE STRING,
A_TABP TYPE STRING,
A_TABN TYPE STRING,
Z_TABP TYPE STRING,
Z_TABN TYPE STRING,
FTRMI TYPE STRING,
ANZFA TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_S281_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_S281_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-SSOUR sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-VRSIO sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-SPMON sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-SPTAG sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-SPWOC sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-SPBUP sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-AUFNR sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-VORNR sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-UVORN sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-PERIV sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-VWDAT sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-MEINH sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-DFZEH sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-RSTZE sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-BEAZE sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-ARUZE sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-LIGZE sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-TRAZE sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-WRTZE sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-KEINH sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-MGVRG sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-ASVRG sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-GMNGA sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-LMNGA sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-XMNGA sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-FSEDD sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-FSAVD sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-IEAVD sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-IADD sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-IEDD sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-ISDD sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-SSADD sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-SSAVD sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-SSEDD sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-ISAVD sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-S_DFZ sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-I_DFZ sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-RUEST sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-BEARZ sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-ABRUE sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-LIEGZ sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-TRANZ sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-WARTZ sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-WERKS sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-ARBPL sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-KRUES sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-KBEAS sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-KABRS sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-MCFSEDD sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-MCFSAVD sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-MCIADD sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-MCIEAVD sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-MCISAVD sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-MCSSADD sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-MCSSEDD sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-MCSSAVD sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-MCISDD sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-MCIEDD sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-PWERK sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-MATNR sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-KDAUF sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-S_DLZ sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-I_DLZ sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-Z_TAB sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-A_TAB sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-R_TAB sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-R_TABP sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-R_TABN sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-A_TABP sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-A_TABN sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-Z_TABP sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-Z_TABN sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-FTRMI sy-vline 
WA_S281_STR-ANZFA sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.