ABAP Select data from SAP table RMBEL into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP RMBEL table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to RMBEL. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the RMBEL table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_RMBEL TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF RMBEL,
      WA_RMBEL TYPE RMBEL,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <RMBEL> TYPE RMBEL.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_RMBEL.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM RMBEL
  INTO TABLE IT_RMBEL.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM RMBEL
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_RMBEL2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_RMBEL INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_RMBEL2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_RMBEL ASSIGNING <RMBEL>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<RMBEL>-BEDNR = 1.
<RMBEL>-BSTYP = 1.
<RMBEL>-EBELN = 1.
<RMBEL>-EBELP = 1.
<RMBEL>-BSART = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_RMBEL INTO WA_RMBEL.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_RMBEL-BEDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_RMBEL-EKGRP, sy-vline,
  WA_RMBEL-MATNR, sy-vline,
  WA_RMBEL-MATKL, sy-vline,
  WA_RMBEL-TXZ01, sy-vline,
  WA_RMBEL-PSTYP, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_RMBEL you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_RMBEL TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_RMBEL INTO WA_RMBEL.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field EBELN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RMBEL-EBELN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RMBEL-EBELN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RMBEL-MATNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RMBEL-MATNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MEINS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RMBEL-MEINS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RMBEL-MEINS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_RMBEL_STR, 
BEDNR TYPE STRING,
BSTYP TYPE STRING,
EBELN TYPE STRING,
EBELP TYPE STRING,
BSART TYPE STRING,
BEDAT TYPE STRING,
EKGRP TYPE STRING,
MATNR TYPE STRING,
MATKL TYPE STRING,
TXZ01 TYPE STRING,
PSTYP TYPE STRING,
KNTTP TYPE STRING,
LOEKZ TYPE STRING,
WERKS TYPE STRING,
RESWK TYPE STRING,
LGORT TYPE STRING,
MENGE TYPE STRING,
MEINS TYPE STRING,
PACKNO TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_RMBEL_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_RMBEL_STR-BEDNR sy-vline 
WA_RMBEL_STR-BSTYP sy-vline 
WA_RMBEL_STR-EBELN sy-vline 
WA_RMBEL_STR-EBELP sy-vline 
WA_RMBEL_STR-BSART sy-vline 
WA_RMBEL_STR-BEDAT sy-vline 
WA_RMBEL_STR-EKGRP sy-vline 
WA_RMBEL_STR-MATNR sy-vline 
WA_RMBEL_STR-MATKL sy-vline 
WA_RMBEL_STR-TXZ01 sy-vline 
WA_RMBEL_STR-PSTYP sy-vline 
WA_RMBEL_STR-KNTTP sy-vline 
WA_RMBEL_STR-LOEKZ sy-vline 
WA_RMBEL_STR-WERKS sy-vline 
WA_RMBEL_STR-RESWK sy-vline 
WA_RMBEL_STR-LGORT sy-vline 
WA_RMBEL_STR-MENGE sy-vline 
WA_RMBEL_STR-MEINS sy-vline 
WA_RMBEL_STR-PACKNO sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.