ABAP Select data from SAP table RL04I into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP RL04I table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to RL04I. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the RL04I table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_RL04I TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF RL04I,
      WA_RL04I TYPE RL04I,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <RL04I> TYPE RL04I.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_RL04I.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM RL04I
  INTO TABLE IT_RL04I.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM RL04I
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_RL04I2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_RL04I INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_RL04I2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_RL04I ASSIGNING <RL04I>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<RL04I>-NVERS = 1.
<RL04I>-NVERC = 1.
<RL04I>-NQUAW = 1.
<RL04I>-ISEIT = 1.
<RL04I>-IVPOS = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_RL04I INTO WA_RL04I.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_RL04I-LGPLA, sy-vline,
  WA_RL04I-LQNUM, sy-vline,
  WA_RL04I-LETYP, sy-vline,
  WA_RL04I-KZNUL, sy-vline,
  WA_RL04I-VOTAB, sy-vline,
  WA_RL04I-ABWEI, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_RL04I you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_RL04I TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_RL04I INTO WA_RL04I.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit SPDEV, internal->external for field DRUCK
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_SPDEV_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RL04I-DRUCK
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RL04I-DRUCK.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field ZSYST
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RL04I-ZSYST
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RL04I-ZSYST.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_RL04I_STR, 
NVERS TYPE STRING,
NVERC TYPE STRING,
NQUAW TYPE STRING,
ISEIT TYPE STRING,
IVPOS TYPE STRING,
LGPLA TYPE STRING,
LQNUM TYPE STRING,
LETYP TYPE STRING,
KZNUL TYPE STRING,
VOTAB TYPE STRING,
ABWEI TYPE STRING,
IDATU TYPE STRING,
AUSBU TYPE STRING,
BREIT TYPE STRING,
DRUCK TYPE STRING,
LISDR TYPE STRING,
MATDR TYPE STRING,
LVORM TYPE STRING,
ANPLA TYPE STRING,
ANQUA TYPE STRING,
ANLPL TYPE STRING,
STATA TYPE STRING,
STATL TYPE STRING,
STATN TYPE STRING,
STATZ TYPE STRING,
DUNKL TYPE STRING,
NIGEZ TYPE STRING,
NINVL TYPE STRING,
NINVF TYPE STRING,
LIAKT TYPE STRING,
POSAK TYPE STRING,
NURLI TYPE STRING,
NURLP TYPE STRING,
MEKLN TYPE STRING,
PLOBS TYPE STRING,
ANPLB TYPE STRING,
ANQUP TYPE STRING,
LGNUM TYPE STRING,
LGTYP TYPE STRING,
PLALO TYPE STRING,
PLAHI TYPE STRING,
MAPPE TYPE STRING,
BATIN TYPE STRING,
CALTR TYPE STRING,
BUDAT TYPE STRING,
APSRM TYPE STRING,
FELHE TYPE STRING,
GESMA TYPE STRING,
PLIST TYPE STRING,
PRIMM TYPE STRING,
PRREL TYPE STRING,
PRNEW TYPE STRING,
FCODE TYPE STRING,
FLGAL TYPE STRING,
KOLIS TYPE STRING,
REPID TYPE STRING,
LSONR TYPE STRING,
SENDE TYPE STRING,
ZSYST TYPE STRING,
KSEND TYPE STRING,
NUANZ TYPE STRING,
ODIAL TYPE STRING,
DYNPL TYPE STRING,
LIBUC TYPE STRING,
DWERT TYPE STRING,
KZINV TYPE STRING,
WAERS TYPE STRING,
UNAME TYPE STRING,
XFELD TYPE STRING,
EDATU TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_RL04I_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_RL04I_STR-NVERS sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-NVERC sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-NQUAW sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-ISEIT sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-IVPOS sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-LGPLA sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-LQNUM sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-LETYP sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-KZNUL sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-VOTAB sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-ABWEI sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-IDATU sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-AUSBU sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-BREIT sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-DRUCK sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-LISDR sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-MATDR sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-LVORM sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-ANPLA sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-ANQUA sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-ANLPL sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-STATA sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-STATL sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-STATN sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-STATZ sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-DUNKL sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-NIGEZ sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-NINVL sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-NINVF sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-LIAKT sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-POSAK sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-NURLI sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-NURLP sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-MEKLN sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-PLOBS sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-ANPLB sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-ANQUP sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-LGNUM sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-LGTYP sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-PLALO sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-PLAHI sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-MAPPE sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-BATIN sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-CALTR sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-BUDAT sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-APSRM sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-FELHE sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-GESMA sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-PLIST sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-PRIMM sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-PRREL sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-PRNEW sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-FCODE sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-FLGAL sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-KOLIS sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-REPID sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-LSONR sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-SENDE sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-ZSYST sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-KSEND sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-NUANZ sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-ODIAL sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-DYNPL sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-LIBUC sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-DWERT sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-KZINV sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-WAERS sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-UNAME sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-XFELD sy-vline 
WA_RL04I_STR-EDATU sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.