ABAP Select data from SAP table RKMA4 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP RKMA4 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to RKMA4. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the RKMA4 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_RKMA4 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF RKMA4,
      WA_RKMA4 TYPE RKMA4,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <RKMA4> TYPE RKMA4.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_RKMA4.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM RKMA4
  INTO TABLE IT_RKMA4.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM RKMA4
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_RKMA42).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_RKMA4 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_RKMA42).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_RKMA4 ASSIGNING <RKMA4>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<RKMA4>-KOKRS = 1.
<RKMA4>-KSTAR = 1.
<RKMA4>-DATBI = 1.
<RKMA4>-DATAB = 1.
<RKMA4>-REKRS = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_RKMA4 INTO WA_RKMA4.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_RKMA4-REKOA, sy-vline,
  WA_RKMA4-REDAB, sy-vline,
  WA_RKMA4-REDBI, sy-vline,
  WA_RKMA4-TTXT1, sy-vline,
  WA_RKMA4-CPCFD, sy-vline,
  WA_RKMA4-CPNFD, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_RKMA4 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_RKMA4 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_RKMA4 INTO WA_RKMA4.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KSTAR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RKMA4-KSTAR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RKMA4-KSTAR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field REKOA
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RKMA4-REKOA
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RKMA4-REKOA.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ISOLA, internal->external for field SPRAS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ISOLA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RKMA4-SPRAS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RKMA4-SPRAS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field OBIDN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RKMA4-OBIDN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RKMA4-OBIDN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_RKMA4_STR, 
KOKRS TYPE STRING,
KSTAR TYPE STRING,
DATBI TYPE STRING,
DATAB TYPE STRING,
REKRS TYPE STRING,
REKOA TYPE STRING,
REDAB TYPE STRING,
REDBI TYPE STRING,
TTXT1 TYPE STRING,
CPCFD TYPE STRING,
CPNFD TYPE STRING,
CPDFD TYPE STRING,
ACPGE TYPE STRING,
NMPGE TYPE STRING,
LSTAT TYPE STRING,
SPRAS TYPE STRING,
OBBEZ TYPE STRING,
OBIDN TYPE STRING,
OBADT TYPE STRING,
OBBDT TYPE STRING,
OBCFD TYPE STRING,
OBDFD TYPE STRING,
OBNFD TYPE STRING,
TXFLG TYPE STRING,
NEWAB TYPE STRING,
NEWBI TYPE STRING,
ASDBA TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_RKMA4_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_RKMA4_STR-KOKRS sy-vline 
WA_RKMA4_STR-KSTAR sy-vline 
WA_RKMA4_STR-DATBI sy-vline 
WA_RKMA4_STR-DATAB sy-vline 
WA_RKMA4_STR-REKRS sy-vline 
WA_RKMA4_STR-REKOA sy-vline 
WA_RKMA4_STR-REDAB sy-vline 
WA_RKMA4_STR-REDBI sy-vline 
WA_RKMA4_STR-TTXT1 sy-vline 
WA_RKMA4_STR-CPCFD sy-vline 
WA_RKMA4_STR-CPNFD sy-vline 
WA_RKMA4_STR-CPDFD sy-vline 
WA_RKMA4_STR-ACPGE sy-vline 
WA_RKMA4_STR-NMPGE sy-vline 
WA_RKMA4_STR-LSTAT sy-vline 
WA_RKMA4_STR-SPRAS sy-vline 
WA_RKMA4_STR-OBBEZ sy-vline 
WA_RKMA4_STR-OBIDN sy-vline 
WA_RKMA4_STR-OBADT sy-vline 
WA_RKMA4_STR-OBBDT sy-vline 
WA_RKMA4_STR-OBCFD sy-vline 
WA_RKMA4_STR-OBDFD sy-vline 
WA_RKMA4_STR-OBNFD sy-vline 
WA_RKMA4_STR-TXFLG sy-vline 
WA_RKMA4_STR-NEWAB sy-vline 
WA_RKMA4_STR-NEWBI sy-vline 
WA_RKMA4_STR-ASDBA sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.