ABAP Select data from SAP table RIOA_ITEM into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP RIOA_ITEM table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to RIOA_ITEM. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the RIOA_ITEM table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_RIOA_ITEM TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF RIOA_ITEM,
      WA_RIOA_ITEM TYPE RIOA_ITEM,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <RIOA_ITEM> TYPE RIOA_ITEM.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_RIOA_ITEM.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM RIOA_ITEM
  INTO TABLE IT_RIOA_ITEM.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM RIOA_ITEM
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_RIOA_ITEM2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_RIOA_ITEM INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_RIOA_ITEM2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_RIOA_ITEM ASSIGNING <RIOA_ITEM>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<RIOA_ITEM>-MANDT = 1.
<RIOA_ITEM>-LAUFI = 1.
<RIOA_ITEM>-LAUFD = 1.
<RIOA_ITEM>-BUKRS = 1.
<RIOA_ITEM>-CPDKY = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_RIOA_ITEM INTO WA_RIOA_ITEM.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_RIOA_ITEM-RANL, sy-vline,
  WA_RIOA_ITEM-RANTYP, sy-vline,
  WA_RIOA_ITEM-KUNNR, sy-vline,
  WA_RIOA_ITEM-BELNR, sy-vline,
  WA_RIOA_ITEM-GJAHR, sy-vline,
  WA_RIOA_ITEM-BUZEI, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_RIOA_ITEM you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_RIOA_ITEM TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_RIOA_ITEM INTO WA_RIOA_ITEM.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RANL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RIOA_ITEM-RANL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RIOA_ITEM-RANL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KUNNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RIOA_ITEM-KUNNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RIOA_ITEM-KUNNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BELNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RIOA_ITEM-BELNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RIOA_ITEM-BELNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RIOA_ITEM-GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RIOA_ITEM-GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RBELKPFD
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RIOA_ITEM-RBELKPFD
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RIOA_ITEM-RBELKPFD.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_RIOA_ITEM_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
LAUFI TYPE STRING,
LAUFD TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
CPDKY TYPE STRING,
RANL TYPE STRING,
RANTYP TYPE STRING,
KUNNR TYPE STRING,
BELNR TYPE STRING,
GJAHR TYPE STRING,
BUZEI TYPE STRING,
RBELKPFD TYPE STRING,
RPOSNR TYPE STRING,
SBEWART TYPE STRING,
SBEWZITI TYPE STRING,
DFAELL TYPE STRING,
WAERS TYPE STRING,
WRSHB TYPE STRING,
DMSHB TYPE STRING,
VZZAB TYPE STRING,
VZZBI TYPE STRING,
VERZN TYPE STRING,
INT_RATE TYPE STRING,
SSOLHAB TYPE STRING,
WZSBT TYPE STRING,
ZSBTR TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_RIOA_ITEM_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_RIOA_ITEM_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_RIOA_ITEM_STR-LAUFI sy-vline 
WA_RIOA_ITEM_STR-LAUFD sy-vline 
WA_RIOA_ITEM_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_RIOA_ITEM_STR-CPDKY sy-vline 
WA_RIOA_ITEM_STR-RANL sy-vline 
WA_RIOA_ITEM_STR-RANTYP sy-vline 
WA_RIOA_ITEM_STR-KUNNR sy-vline 
WA_RIOA_ITEM_STR-BELNR sy-vline 
WA_RIOA_ITEM_STR-GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_RIOA_ITEM_STR-BUZEI sy-vline 
WA_RIOA_ITEM_STR-RBELKPFD sy-vline 
WA_RIOA_ITEM_STR-RPOSNR sy-vline 
WA_RIOA_ITEM_STR-SBEWART sy-vline 
WA_RIOA_ITEM_STR-SBEWZITI sy-vline 
WA_RIOA_ITEM_STR-DFAELL sy-vline 
WA_RIOA_ITEM_STR-WAERS sy-vline 
WA_RIOA_ITEM_STR-WRSHB sy-vline 
WA_RIOA_ITEM_STR-DMSHB sy-vline 
WA_RIOA_ITEM_STR-VZZAB sy-vline 
WA_RIOA_ITEM_STR-VZZBI sy-vline 
WA_RIOA_ITEM_STR-VERZN sy-vline 
WA_RIOA_ITEM_STR-INT_RATE sy-vline 
WA_RIOA_ITEM_STR-SSOLHAB sy-vline 
WA_RIOA_ITEM_STR-WZSBT sy-vline 
WA_RIOA_ITEM_STR-ZSBTR sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.