ABAP Select data from SAP table RFC_VIQMMA into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP RFC_VIQMMA table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to RFC_VIQMMA. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the RFC_VIQMMA table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_RFC_VIQMMA TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF RFC_VIQMMA,
      WA_RFC_VIQMMA TYPE RFC_VIQMMA,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <RFC_VIQMMA> TYPE RFC_VIQMMA.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_RFC_VIQMMA.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM RFC_VIQMMA
  INTO TABLE IT_RFC_VIQMMA.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM RFC_VIQMMA
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_RFC_VIQMMA2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_RFC_VIQMMA INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_RFC_VIQMMA2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_RFC_VIQMMA ASSIGNING <RFC_VIQMMA>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<RFC_VIQMMA>-FENUM = 1.
<RFC_VIQMMA>-MANUM = 1.
<RFC_VIQMMA>-MATXT = 1.
<RFC_VIQMMA>-MNKAT = 1.
<RFC_VIQMMA>-MNGRP = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_RFC_VIQMMA INTO WA_RFC_VIQMMA.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_RFC_VIQMMA-MNCOD, sy-vline,
  WA_RFC_VIQMMA-MNGFA, sy-vline,
  WA_RFC_VIQMMA-QMANUM, sy-vline,
  WA_RFC_VIQMMA-INDTX, sy-vline,
  WA_RFC_VIQMMA-KZMLA, sy-vline,
  WA_RFC_VIQMMA-PSTER, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_RFC_VIQMMA you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_RFC_VIQMMA TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_RFC_VIQMMA INTO WA_RFC_VIQMMA.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_RFC_VIQMMA_STR, 
FENUM TYPE STRING,
MANUM TYPE STRING,
MATXT TYPE STRING,
MNKAT TYPE STRING,
MNGRP TYPE STRING,
MNCOD TYPE STRING,
MNGFA TYPE STRING,
QMANUM TYPE STRING,
INDTX TYPE STRING,
KZMLA TYPE STRING,
PSTER TYPE STRING,
PSTUR TYPE STRING,
PETER TYPE STRING,
PETUR TYPE STRING,
POSNR TYPE STRING,
REFOBJKEY TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_RFC_VIQMMA_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_RFC_VIQMMA_STR-FENUM sy-vline 
WA_RFC_VIQMMA_STR-MANUM sy-vline 
WA_RFC_VIQMMA_STR-MATXT sy-vline 
WA_RFC_VIQMMA_STR-MNKAT sy-vline 
WA_RFC_VIQMMA_STR-MNGRP sy-vline 
WA_RFC_VIQMMA_STR-MNCOD sy-vline 
WA_RFC_VIQMMA_STR-MNGFA sy-vline 
WA_RFC_VIQMMA_STR-QMANUM sy-vline 
WA_RFC_VIQMMA_STR-INDTX sy-vline 
WA_RFC_VIQMMA_STR-KZMLA sy-vline 
WA_RFC_VIQMMA_STR-PSTER sy-vline 
WA_RFC_VIQMMA_STR-PSTUR sy-vline 
WA_RFC_VIQMMA_STR-PETER sy-vline 
WA_RFC_VIQMMA_STR-PETUR sy-vline 
WA_RFC_VIQMMA_STR-POSNR sy-vline 
WA_RFC_VIQMMA_STR-REFOBJKEY sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.