ABAP Select data from SAP table RETM_POSTING_OA into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP RETM_POSTING_OA table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to RETM_POSTING_OA. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the RETM_POSTING_OA table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_RETM_POSTING_OA TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF RETM_POSTING_OA,
      WA_RETM_POSTING_OA TYPE RETM_POSTING_OA,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <RETM_POSTING_OA> TYPE RETM_POSTING_OA.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_RETM_POSTING_OA.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM RETM_POSTING_OA
  INTO TABLE IT_RETM_POSTING_OA.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM RETM_POSTING_OA
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_RETM_POSTING_OA2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_RETM_POSTING_OA INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_RETM_POSTING_OA2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_RETM_POSTING_OA ASSIGNING <RETM_POSTING_OA>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<RETM_POSTING_OA>-MANDT = 1.
<RETM_POSTING_OA>-INTRENO = 1.
<RETM_POSTING_OA>-TERMTYPE = 1.
<RETM_POSTING_OA>-TERMNO = 1.
<RETM_POSTING_OA>-VALIDFROM = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_RETM_POSTING_OA INTO WA_RETM_POSTING_OA.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_RETM_POSTING_OA-VALIDTO, sy-vline,
  WA_RETM_POSTING_OA-GSBER, sy-vline,
  WA_RETM_POSTING_OA-PRCTR, sy-vline,
  WA_RETM_POSTING_OA-ADDOBJNR, sy-vline,
  WA_RETM_POSTING_OA-TXJCD, sy-vline,
  WA_RETM_POSTING_OA-FUND, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_RETM_POSTING_OA you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_RETM_POSTING_OA TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_RETM_POSTING_OA INTO WA_RETM_POSTING_OA.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field TERMNO
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RETM_POSTING_OA-TERMNO
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RETM_POSTING_OA-TERMNO.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit REDAT, internal->external for field VALIDTO
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_REDAT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RETM_POSTING_OA-VALIDTO
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RETM_POSTING_OA-VALIDTO.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PRCTR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RETM_POSTING_OA-PRCTR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RETM_POSTING_OA-PRCTR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit FMCIL, internal->external for field COMMITMENTITEM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_FMCIL_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RETM_POSTING_OA-COMMITMENTITEM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RETM_POSTING_OA-COMMITMENTITEM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_RETM_POSTING_OA_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
INTRENO TYPE STRING,
TERMTYPE TYPE STRING,
TERMNO TYPE STRING,
VALIDFROM TYPE STRING,
VALIDTO TYPE STRING,
GSBER TYPE STRING,
PRCTR TYPE STRING,
ADDOBJNR TYPE STRING,
TXJCD TYPE STRING,
FUND TYPE STRING,
FUNDSCENTER TYPE STRING,
COMMITMENTITEM TYPE STRING,
FUNCTIONALAREA TYPE STRING,
GRANTNUMBER TYPE STRING,
MEASURE TYPE STRING,
BUDGETPERIOD TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_RETM_POSTING_OA_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_RETM_POSTING_OA_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_RETM_POSTING_OA_STR-INTRENO sy-vline 
WA_RETM_POSTING_OA_STR-TERMTYPE sy-vline 
WA_RETM_POSTING_OA_STR-TERMNO sy-vline 
WA_RETM_POSTING_OA_STR-VALIDFROM sy-vline 
WA_RETM_POSTING_OA_STR-VALIDTO sy-vline 
WA_RETM_POSTING_OA_STR-GSBER sy-vline 
WA_RETM_POSTING_OA_STR-PRCTR sy-vline 
WA_RETM_POSTING_OA_STR-ADDOBJNR sy-vline 
WA_RETM_POSTING_OA_STR-TXJCD sy-vline 
WA_RETM_POSTING_OA_STR-FUND sy-vline 
WA_RETM_POSTING_OA_STR-FUNDSCENTER sy-vline 
WA_RETM_POSTING_OA_STR-COMMITMENTITEM sy-vline 
WA_RETM_POSTING_OA_STR-FUNCTIONALAREA sy-vline 
WA_RETM_POSTING_OA_STR-GRANTNUMBER sy-vline 
WA_RETM_POSTING_OA_STR-MEASURE sy-vline 
WA_RETM_POSTING_OA_STR-BUDGETPERIOD sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.