ABAP Select data from SAP table RC27A into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP RC27A table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to RC27A. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the RC27A table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_RC27A TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF RC27A,
      WA_RC27A TYPE RC27A,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <RC27A> TYPE RC27A.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_RC27A.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM RC27A
  INTO TABLE IT_RC27A.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM RC27A
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_RC27A2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_RC27A INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_RC27A2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_RC27A ASSIGNING <RC27A>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<RC27A>-PLNTY = 1.
<RC27A>-PLNNR = 1.
<RC27A>-PLNAL = 1.
<RC27A>-FLGAT = 1.
<RC27A>-PLNFL = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_RC27A INTO WA_RC27A.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_RC27A-VORNR, sy-vline,
  WA_RC27A-VPLTY, sy-vline,
  WA_RC27A-VPLNR, sy-vline,
  WA_RC27A-PLNKN, sy-vline,
  WA_RC27A-UVORN, sy-vline,
  WA_RC27A-UPLKN, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_RC27A you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_RC27A TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_RC27A INTO WA_RC27A.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PLNNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RC27A-PLNNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RC27A-PLNNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PLNAL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RC27A-PLNAL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RC27A-PLNAL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PLNFL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RC27A-PLNFL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RC27A-PLNFL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit NUMCV, internal->external for field VORNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_NUMCV_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RC27A-VORNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RC27A-VORNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VPLNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RC27A-VPLNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RC27A-VPLNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit NUMCV, internal->external for field UVORN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_NUMCV_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RC27A-UVORN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RC27A-UVORN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PLNNR_PRE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RC27A-PLNNR_PRE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RC27A-PLNNR_PRE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PLNAL_PRE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RC27A-PLNAL_PRE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RC27A-PLNAL_PRE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PLNFL_PRE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RC27A-PLNFL_PRE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RC27A-PLNFL_PRE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit NUMCV, internal->external for field VORNR_PRE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_NUMCV_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RC27A-VORNR_PRE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RC27A-VORNR_PRE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VPLNR_PRE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RC27A-VPLNR_PRE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RC27A-VPLNR_PRE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit NUMCV, internal->external for field UVORN_PRE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_NUMCV_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RC27A-UVORN_PRE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RC27A-UVORN_PRE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_RC27A_STR, 
PLNTY TYPE STRING,
PLNNR TYPE STRING,
PLNAL TYPE STRING,
FLGAT TYPE STRING,
PLNFL TYPE STRING,
VORNR TYPE STRING,
VPLTY TYPE STRING,
VPLNR TYPE STRING,
PLNKN TYPE STRING,
UVORN TYPE STRING,
UPLKN TYPE STRING,
VPLNKN TYPE STRING,
INDEX_PLAS TYPE STRING,
INDEX_PLPO TYPE STRING,
INDEX_SOPR TYPE STRING,
INDEX_POVW TYPE STRING,
INDEX_ASVW TYPE STRING,
PLNTY_PRE TYPE STRING,
PLNNR_PRE TYPE STRING,
PLNAL_PRE TYPE STRING,
FLGAT_PRE TYPE STRING,
PLNFL_PRE TYPE STRING,
VORNR_PRE TYPE STRING,
VPLTY_PRE TYPE STRING,
VPLNR_PRE TYPE STRING,
PLNKN_PRE TYPE STRING,
UVORN_PRE TYPE STRING,
UPLKN_PRE TYPE STRING,
VPLNKN_PRE TYPE STRING,
I_PLAS_PRE TYPE STRING,
I_PLPO_PRE TYPE STRING,
I_SOPR_PRE TYPE STRING,
I_POVW_PRE TYPE STRING,
I_ASVW_PRE TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_RC27A_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_RC27A_STR-PLNTY sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-PLNNR sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-PLNAL sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-FLGAT sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-PLNFL sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-VORNR sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-VPLTY sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-VPLNR sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-PLNKN sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-UVORN sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-UPLKN sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-VPLNKN sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-INDEX_PLAS sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-INDEX_PLPO sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-INDEX_SOPR sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-INDEX_POVW sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-INDEX_ASVW sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-PLNTY_PRE sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-PLNNR_PRE sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-PLNAL_PRE sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-FLGAT_PRE sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-PLNFL_PRE sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-VORNR_PRE sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-VPLTY_PRE sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-VPLNR_PRE sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-PLNKN_PRE sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-UVORN_PRE sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-UPLKN_PRE sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-VPLNKN_PRE sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-I_PLAS_PRE sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-I_PLPO_PRE sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-I_SOPR_PRE sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-I_POVW_PRE sy-vline 
WA_RC27A_STR-I_ASVW_PRE sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.