ABAP Select data from SAP table RBMA into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP RBMA table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to RBMA. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the RBMA table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_RBMA TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF RBMA,
      WA_RBMA TYPE RBMA,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <RBMA> TYPE RBMA.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_RBMA.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM RBMA
  INTO TABLE IT_RBMA.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM RBMA
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_RBMA2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_RBMA INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_RBMA2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_RBMA ASSIGNING <RBMA>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<RBMA>-MANDT = 1.
<RBMA>-BELNR = 1.
<RBMA>-GJAHR = 1.
<RBMA>-BUZEI = 1.
<RBMA>-WRBTR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_RBMA INTO WA_RBMA.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_RBMA-SHKZG, sy-vline,
  WA_RBMA-MATNR, sy-vline,
  WA_RBMA-BWKEY, sy-vline,
  WA_RBMA-BWTAR, sy-vline,
  WA_RBMA-MENGE, sy-vline,
  WA_RBMA-MEINS, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_RBMA you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_RBMA TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_RBMA INTO WA_RBMA.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BELNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RBMA-BELNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RBMA-BELNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RBMA-GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RBMA-GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RBMA-MATNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RBMA-MATNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MEINS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_RBMA-MEINS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_RBMA-MEINS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_RBMA_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
BELNR TYPE STRING,
GJAHR TYPE STRING,
BUZEI TYPE STRING,
WRBTR TYPE STRING,
SHKZG TYPE STRING,
MATNR TYPE STRING,
BWKEY TYPE STRING,
BWTAR TYPE STRING,
MENGE TYPE STRING,
MEINS TYPE STRING,
MWSKZ TYPE STRING,
TXJCD TYPE STRING,
PEINH TYPE STRING,
LBKUM TYPE STRING,
VRKUM TYPE STRING,
SALK3 TYPE STRING,
VMSAL TYPE STRING,
SPGRS TYPE STRING,
BNKAN_FW TYPE STRING,
XSKRL TYPE STRING,
NODE_KEY TYPE STRING,
PARENT_KEY TYPE STRING,
ROOT_KEY TYPE STRING,
TXDAT TYPE STRING,
TXDAT_FROM TYPE STRING,
TAX_COUNTRY TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_RBMA_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_RBMA_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_RBMA_STR-BELNR sy-vline 
WA_RBMA_STR-GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_RBMA_STR-BUZEI sy-vline 
WA_RBMA_STR-WRBTR sy-vline 
WA_RBMA_STR-SHKZG sy-vline 
WA_RBMA_STR-MATNR sy-vline 
WA_RBMA_STR-BWKEY sy-vline 
WA_RBMA_STR-BWTAR sy-vline 
WA_RBMA_STR-MENGE sy-vline 
WA_RBMA_STR-MEINS sy-vline 
WA_RBMA_STR-MWSKZ sy-vline 
WA_RBMA_STR-TXJCD sy-vline 
WA_RBMA_STR-PEINH sy-vline 
WA_RBMA_STR-LBKUM sy-vline 
WA_RBMA_STR-VRKUM sy-vline 
WA_RBMA_STR-SALK3 sy-vline 
WA_RBMA_STR-VMSAL sy-vline 
WA_RBMA_STR-SPGRS sy-vline 
WA_RBMA_STR-BNKAN_FW sy-vline 
WA_RBMA_STR-XSKRL sy-vline 
WA_RBMA_STR-NODE_KEY sy-vline 
WA_RBMA_STR-PARENT_KEY sy-vline 
WA_RBMA_STR-ROOT_KEY sy-vline 
WA_RBMA_STR-TXDAT sy-vline 
WA_RBMA_STR-TXDAT_FROM sy-vline 
WA_RBMA_STR-TAX_COUNTRY sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.