ABAP Select data from SAP table RALDB into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP RALDB table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to RALDB. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the RALDB table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_RALDB TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF RALDB,
      WA_RALDB TYPE RALDB,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <RALDB> TYPE RALDB.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_RALDB.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM RALDB
  INTO TABLE IT_RALDB.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM RALDB
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_RALDB2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_RALDB INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_RALDB2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_RALDB ASSIGNING <RALDB>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<RALDB>-SYSTEMID = 1.
<RALDB>-COVERX = 1.
<RALDB>-COVERTEXT = 1.
<RALDB>-COVERTEXTX = 1.
<RALDB>-LINESIZE = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_RALDB INTO WA_RALDB.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_RALDB-LINECOUNT, sy-vline,
  WA_RALDB-FICHEBREAK, sy-vline,
  WA_RALDB-FICHEDSET, sy-vline,
  WA_RALDB-TEXTV, sy-vline,
  WA_RALDB-SPOOLDSN, sy-vline,
  WA_RALDB-SPOOLDSNX, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_RALDB you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_RALDB TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_RALDB INTO WA_RALDB.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_RALDB_STR, 
SYSTEMID TYPE STRING,
COVERX TYPE STRING,
COVERTEXT TYPE STRING,
COVERTEXTX TYPE STRING,
LINESIZE TYPE STRING,
LINECOUNT TYPE STRING,
FICHEBREAK TYPE STRING,
FICHEDSET TYPE STRING,
TEXTV TYPE STRING,
SPOOLDSN TYPE STRING,
SPOOLDSNX TYPE STRING,
XVARIANT TYPE STRING,
REPORT TYPE STRING,
VARIANT TYPE STRING,
VTEXT TYPE STRING,
VARIANTT TYPE STRING,
VTEXTT TYPE STRING,
ENAME TYPE STRING,
EDAT TYPE STRING,
AENAME TYPE STRING,
AEDAT TYPE STRING,
INFOLINE TYPE STRING,
MARKFIELD TYPE STRING,
PAGNO TYPE STRING,
PF12 TYPE STRING,
PF13 TYPE STRING,
PF14 TYPE STRING,
PF15 TYPE STRING,
PF16 TYPE STRING,
PF17 TYPE STRING,
VBATCH TYPE STRING,
VONLINE TYPE STRING,
VPROTECTED TYPE STRING,
SPROTECTED TYPE STRING,
SINVISIBLE TYPE STRING,
SVARIABLE TYPE STRING,
SIGN TYPE STRING,
INITSINGLE TYPE STRING,
INITLOW TYPE STRING,
INITHIGH TYPE STRING,
LOWEQU TYPE STRING,
HIGHEQU TYPE STRING,
FIELDTEXT TYPE STRING,
STYPE TYPE STRING,
VTYPE TYPE STRING,
VNAME TYPE STRING,
OPTION TYPE STRING,
MORE TYPE STRING,
INDEXTYP TYPE STRING,
INDEXNAM TYPE STRING,
INDEXNM2 TYPE STRING,
MESSAGE TYPE STRING,
EQ TYPE STRING,
BT TYPE STRING,
GE TYPE STRING,
LE TYPE STRING,
CP TYPE STRING,
NE TYPE STRING,
NB TYPE STRING,
LT TYPE STRING,
GT TYPE STRING,
NP TYPE STRING,
INCL TYPE STRING,
EXCL TYPE STRING,
FROM_EXT TYPE STRING,
TO_EXT TYPE STRING,
SINGLE TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_RALDB_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_RALDB_STR-SYSTEMID sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-COVERX sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-COVERTEXT sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-COVERTEXTX sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-LINESIZE sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-LINECOUNT sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-FICHEBREAK sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-FICHEDSET sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-TEXTV sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-SPOOLDSN sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-SPOOLDSNX sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-XVARIANT sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-REPORT sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-VARIANT sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-VTEXT sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-VARIANTT sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-VTEXTT sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-ENAME sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-EDAT sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-AENAME sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-AEDAT sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-INFOLINE sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-MARKFIELD sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-PAGNO sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-PF12 sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-PF13 sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-PF14 sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-PF15 sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-PF16 sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-PF17 sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-VBATCH sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-VONLINE sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-VPROTECTED sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-SPROTECTED sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-SINVISIBLE sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-SVARIABLE sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-SIGN sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-INITSINGLE sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-INITLOW sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-INITHIGH sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-LOWEQU sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-HIGHEQU sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-FIELDTEXT sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-STYPE sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-VTYPE sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-VNAME sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-OPTION sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-MORE sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-INDEXTYP sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-INDEXNAM sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-INDEXNM2 sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-MESSAGE sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-EQ sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-BT sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-GE sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-LE sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-CP sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-NE sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-NB sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-LT sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-GT sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-NP sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-INCL sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-EXCL sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-FROM_EXT sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-TO_EXT sy-vline 
WA_RALDB_STR-SINGLE sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.