ABAP Select data from SAP table R180 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP R180 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to R180. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the R180 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_R180 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF R180,
      WA_R180 TYPE R180,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <R180> TYPE R180.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_R180.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM R180
  INTO TABLE IT_R180.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM R180
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_R1802).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_R180 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_R1802).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_R180 ASSIGNING <R180>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<R180>-VVARN = 1.
<R180>-NVARN = 1.
<R180>-KTXT1 = 1.
<R180>-KTXT2 = 1.
<R180>-KTXT3 = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_R180 INTO WA_R180.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_R180-KOART, sy-vline,
  WA_R180-AZEIL, sy-vline,
  WA_R180-FELDN, sy-vline,
  WA_R180-RNAME, sy-vline,
  WA_R180-TRVOG, sy-vline,
  WA_R180-ANZGR, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_R180 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_R180 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_R180 INTO WA_R180.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_R180_STR, 
VVARN TYPE STRING,
NVARN TYPE STRING,
KTXT1 TYPE STRING,
KTXT2 TYPE STRING,
KTXT3 TYPE STRING,
KOART TYPE STRING,
AZEIL TYPE STRING,
FELDN TYPE STRING,
RNAME TYPE STRING,
TRVOG TYPE STRING,
ANZGR TYPE STRING,
SORTA TYPE STRING,
SORTD TYPE STRING,
VBALL TYPE STRING,
VBOFF TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_R180_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_R180_STR-VVARN sy-vline 
WA_R180_STR-NVARN sy-vline 
WA_R180_STR-KTXT1 sy-vline 
WA_R180_STR-KTXT2 sy-vline 
WA_R180_STR-KTXT3 sy-vline 
WA_R180_STR-KOART sy-vline 
WA_R180_STR-AZEIL sy-vline 
WA_R180_STR-FELDN sy-vline 
WA_R180_STR-RNAME sy-vline 
WA_R180_STR-TRVOG sy-vline 
WA_R180_STR-ANZGR sy-vline 
WA_R180_STR-SORTA sy-vline 
WA_R180_STR-SORTD sy-vline 
WA_R180_STR-VBALL sy-vline 
WA_R180_STR-VBOFF sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.