ABAP Select data from SAP table QPU20 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP QPU20 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to QPU20. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the QPU20 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_QPU20 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF QPU20,
      WA_QPU20 TYPE QPU20,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <QPU20> TYPE QPU20.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_QPU20.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM QPU20
  INTO TABLE IT_QPU20.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM QPU20
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_QPU202).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_QPU20 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_QPU202).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_QPU20 ASSIGNING <QPU20>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<QPU20>-TIME1 = 1.
<QPU20>-TIME2 = 1.
<QPU20>-TIME3 = 1.
<QPU20>-TYPE1 = 1.
<QPU20>-TYPE2 = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_QPU20 INTO WA_QPU20.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_QPU20-TYPE3, sy-vline,
  WA_QPU20-TYPE4, sy-vline,
  WA_QPU20-TXCMP, sy-vline,
  WA_QPU20-TAXAU, sy-vline,
  WA_QPU20-TAXTY, sy-vline,
  WA_QPU20-ABKRS, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_QPU20 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_QPU20 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_QPU20 INTO WA_QPU20.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_QPU20_STR, 
TIME1 TYPE STRING,
TIME2 TYPE STRING,
TIME3 TYPE STRING,
TYPE1 TYPE STRING,
TYPE2 TYPE STRING,
TYPE3 TYPE STRING,
TYPE4 TYPE STRING,
TXCMP TYPE STRING,
TAXAU TYPE STRING,
TAXTY TYPE STRING,
ABKRS TYPE STRING,
WKSIT TYPE STRING,
PAYDT TYPE STRING,
TAXBL TYPE STRING,
TAXAM TYPE STRING,
DEPOS TYPE STRING,
INTER TYPE STRING,
PNLTY TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_QPU20_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_QPU20_STR-TIME1 sy-vline 
WA_QPU20_STR-TIME2 sy-vline 
WA_QPU20_STR-TIME3 sy-vline 
WA_QPU20_STR-TYPE1 sy-vline 
WA_QPU20_STR-TYPE2 sy-vline 
WA_QPU20_STR-TYPE3 sy-vline 
WA_QPU20_STR-TYPE4 sy-vline 
WA_QPU20_STR-TXCMP sy-vline 
WA_QPU20_STR-TAXAU sy-vline 
WA_QPU20_STR-TAXTY sy-vline 
WA_QPU20_STR-ABKRS sy-vline 
WA_QPU20_STR-WKSIT sy-vline 
WA_QPU20_STR-PAYDT sy-vline 
WA_QPU20_STR-TAXBL sy-vline 
WA_QPU20_STR-TAXAM sy-vline 
WA_QPU20_STR-DEPOS sy-vline 
WA_QPU20_STR-INTER sy-vline 
WA_QPU20_STR-PNLTY sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.