ABAP Select data from SAP table QNS_ODP_QMEL into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP QNS_ODP_QMEL table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to QNS_ODP_QMEL. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the QNS_ODP_QMEL table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_QNS_ODP_QMEL TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF QNS_ODP_QMEL,
      WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL TYPE QNS_ODP_QMEL,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <QNS_ODP_QMEL> TYPE QNS_ODP_QMEL.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_QNS_ODP_QMEL.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM QNS_ODP_QMEL
  INTO TABLE IT_QNS_ODP_QMEL.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM QNS_ODP_QMEL
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_QNS_ODP_QMEL2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_QNS_ODP_QMEL INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_QNS_ODP_QMEL ASSIGNING <QNS_ODP_QMEL>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<QNS_ODP_QMEL>-QMNUM = 1.
<QNS_ODP_QMEL>-QMTXT = 1.
<QNS_ODP_QMEL>-ERDAT = 1.
<QNS_ODP_QMEL>-AEDAT = 1.
<QNS_ODP_QMEL>-STRMN = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_QNS_ODP_QMEL INTO WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL-LTRMN, sy-vline,
  WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL-MATNR, sy-vline,
  WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL-LIFNUM, sy-vline,
  WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL-KUNUM, sy-vline,
  WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL-QMART, sy-vline,
  WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL-OBJNR, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_QNS_ODP_QMEL TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_QNS_ODP_QMEL INTO WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field QMNUM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL-QMNUM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL-QMNUM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL-MATNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL-MATNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LIFNUM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL-LIFNUM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL-LIFNUM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KUNUM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL-KUNUM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL-KUNUM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MGEIN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL-MGEIN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL-MGEIN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field EQUNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL-EQUNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL-EQUNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_QNS_ODP_QMEL_STR, 
QMNUM TYPE STRING,
QMTXT TYPE STRING,
ERDAT TYPE STRING,
AEDAT TYPE STRING,
STRMN TYPE STRING,
LTRMN TYPE STRING,
MATNR TYPE STRING,
LIFNUM TYPE STRING,
KUNUM TYPE STRING,
QMART TYPE STRING,
OBJNR TYPE STRING,
HERKZ TYPE STRING,
QMNAM TYPE STRING,
MAWERK TYPE STRING,
INDTX TYPE STRING,
QMKAT TYPE STRING,
QMGRP TYPE STRING,
QMCOD TYPE STRING,
REFNUM TYPE STRING,
ARTPR TYPE STRING,
PRIOK TYPE STRING,
STAT TYPE STRING,
RKMNG TYPE STRING,
MGEIN TYPE STRING,
EQUNR TYPE STRING,
TPLNR TYPE STRING,
PSP_NR TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL_STR-QMNUM sy-vline 
WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL_STR-QMTXT sy-vline 
WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL_STR-ERDAT sy-vline 
WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL_STR-AEDAT sy-vline 
WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL_STR-STRMN sy-vline 
WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL_STR-LTRMN sy-vline 
WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL_STR-MATNR sy-vline 
WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL_STR-LIFNUM sy-vline 
WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL_STR-KUNUM sy-vline 
WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL_STR-QMART sy-vline 
WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL_STR-OBJNR sy-vline 
WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL_STR-HERKZ sy-vline 
WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL_STR-QMNAM sy-vline 
WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL_STR-MAWERK sy-vline 
WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL_STR-INDTX sy-vline 
WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL_STR-QMKAT sy-vline 
WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL_STR-QMGRP sy-vline 
WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL_STR-QMCOD sy-vline 
WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL_STR-REFNUM sy-vline 
WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL_STR-ARTPR sy-vline 
WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL_STR-PRIOK sy-vline 
WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL_STR-STAT sy-vline 
WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL_STR-RKMNG sy-vline 
WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL_STR-MGEIN sy-vline 
WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL_STR-EQUNR sy-vline 
WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL_STR-TPLNR sy-vline 
WA_QNS_ODP_QMEL_STR-PSP_NR sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.