ABAP Select data from SAP table QASK into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP QASK table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to QASK. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the QASK table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_QASK TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF QASK,
      WA_QASK TYPE QASK,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <QASK> TYPE QASK.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_QASK.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM QASK
  INTO TABLE IT_QASK.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM QASK
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_QASK2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_QASK INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_QASK2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_QASK ASSIGNING <QASK>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<QASK>-MANDANT = 1.
<QASK>-PRUEFLOS = 1.
<QASK>-VORGLFNR = 1.
<QASK>-MERKNR = 1.
<QASK>-DETAILERG = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_QASK INTO WA_QASK.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_QASK-ATTRIBUT, sy-vline,
  WA_QASK-ERSTELLER, sy-vline,
  WA_QASK-ERSTELLDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_QASK-AENDERER, sy-vline,
  WA_QASK-AENDERDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_QASK-PROBENR, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_QASK you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_QASK TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_QASK INTO WA_QASK.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PRUEFLOS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_QASK-PRUEFLOS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_QASK-PRUEFLOS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ISOLA, internal->external for field LTEXTSPR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ISOLA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_QASK-LTEXTSPR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_QASK-LTEXTSPR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VERSION
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_QASK-VERSION
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_QASK-VERSION.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_QASK_STR, 
MANDANT TYPE STRING,
PRUEFLOS TYPE STRING,
VORGLFNR TYPE STRING,
MERKNR TYPE STRING,
DETAILERG TYPE STRING,
ATTRIBUT TYPE STRING,
ERSTELLER TYPE STRING,
ERSTELLDAT TYPE STRING,
AENDERER TYPE STRING,
AENDERDAT TYPE STRING,
PROBENR TYPE STRING,
KLASSENR TYPE STRING,
PRUEFER TYPE STRING,
PRUEFDATUV TYPE STRING,
PRUEFDATUB TYPE STRING,
PRUEFZEITV TYPE STRING,
PRUEFZEITB TYPE STRING,
PRUEFBEMKT TYPE STRING,
PRLTEXTKZ TYPE STRING,
LTEXTSPR TYPE STRING,
KLASGRZONI TYPE STRING,
KLASGRZUNI TYPE STRING,
KLASGRENZO TYPE STRING,
KLASGRENZU TYPE STRING,
ANZKLASEH TYPE STRING,
KATALOG TYPE STRING,
GRUPPE TYPE STRING,
CODE TYPE STRING,
VERSION TYPE STRING,
ANZFEHLER TYPE STRING,
FEHLKLAS TYPE STRING,
MBEWERTG TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_QASK_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_QASK_STR-MANDANT sy-vline 
WA_QASK_STR-PRUEFLOS sy-vline 
WA_QASK_STR-VORGLFNR sy-vline 
WA_QASK_STR-MERKNR sy-vline 
WA_QASK_STR-DETAILERG sy-vline 
WA_QASK_STR-ATTRIBUT sy-vline 
WA_QASK_STR-ERSTELLER sy-vline 
WA_QASK_STR-ERSTELLDAT sy-vline 
WA_QASK_STR-AENDERER sy-vline 
WA_QASK_STR-AENDERDAT sy-vline 
WA_QASK_STR-PROBENR sy-vline 
WA_QASK_STR-KLASSENR sy-vline 
WA_QASK_STR-PRUEFER sy-vline 
WA_QASK_STR-PRUEFDATUV sy-vline 
WA_QASK_STR-PRUEFDATUB sy-vline 
WA_QASK_STR-PRUEFZEITV sy-vline 
WA_QASK_STR-PRUEFZEITB sy-vline 
WA_QASK_STR-PRUEFBEMKT sy-vline 
WA_QASK_STR-PRLTEXTKZ sy-vline 
WA_QASK_STR-LTEXTSPR sy-vline 
WA_QASK_STR-KLASGRZONI sy-vline 
WA_QASK_STR-KLASGRZUNI sy-vline 
WA_QASK_STR-KLASGRENZO sy-vline 
WA_QASK_STR-KLASGRENZU sy-vline 
WA_QASK_STR-ANZKLASEH sy-vline 
WA_QASK_STR-KATALOG sy-vline 
WA_QASK_STR-GRUPPE sy-vline 
WA_QASK_STR-CODE sy-vline 
WA_QASK_STR-VERSION sy-vline 
WA_QASK_STR-ANZFEHLER sy-vline 
WA_QASK_STR-FEHLKLAS sy-vline 
WA_QASK_STR-MBEWERTG sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.