ABAP Select data from SAP table QAILS into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP QAILS table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to QAILS. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the QAILS table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_QAILS TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF QAILS,
      WA_QAILS TYPE QAILS,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <QAILS> TYPE QAILS.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_QAILS.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM QAILS
  INTO TABLE IT_QAILS.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM QAILS
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_QAILS2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_QAILS INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_QAILS2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_QAILS ASSIGNING <QAILS>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<QAILS>-SATZART = 1.
<QAILS>-LOSNR_VON = 1.
<QAILS>-LOSNR_BIS = 1.
<QAILS>-PLNFL = 1.
<QAILS>-VORNR_VON = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_QAILS INTO WA_QAILS.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_QAILS-VORNR_BIS, sy-vline,
  WA_QAILS-VORGWERK, sy-vline,
  WA_QAILS-SUBSYS, sy-vline,
  WA_QAILS-PRPLATZ, sy-vline,
  WA_QAILS-PRPLATZWRK, sy-vline,
  WA_QAILS-MATNR, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_QAILS you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_QAILS TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_QAILS INTO WA_QAILS.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LOSNR_VON
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_QAILS-LOSNR_VON
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_QAILS-LOSNR_VON.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LOSNR_BIS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_QAILS-LOSNR_BIS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_QAILS-LOSNR_BIS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PLNFL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_QAILS-PLNFL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_QAILS-PLNFL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit NUMCV, internal->external for field VORNR_VON
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_NUMCV_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_QAILS-VORNR_VON
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_QAILS-VORNR_VON.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit NUMCV, internal->external for field VORNR_BIS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_NUMCV_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_QAILS-VORNR_BIS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_QAILS-VORNR_BIS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN5, internal->external for field MATNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN5_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_QAILS-MATNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_QAILS-MATNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field AUFNR_VON
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_QAILS-AUFNR_VON
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_QAILS-AUFNR_VON.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field AUFNR_BIS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_QAILS-AUFNR_BIS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_QAILS-AUFNR_BIS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LIFNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_QAILS-LIFNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_QAILS-LIFNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KUNNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_QAILS-KUNNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_QAILS-KUNNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field MBLNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_QAILS-MBLNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_QAILS-MBLNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATNR_LONG
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_QAILS-MATNR_LONG
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_QAILS-MATNR_LONG.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_QAILS_STR, 
SATZART TYPE STRING,
LOSNR_VON TYPE STRING,
LOSNR_BIS TYPE STRING,
PLNFL TYPE STRING,
VORNR_VON TYPE STRING,
VORNR_BIS TYPE STRING,
VORGWERK TYPE STRING,
SUBSYS TYPE STRING,
PRPLATZ TYPE STRING,
PRPLATZWRK TYPE STRING,
MATNR TYPE STRING,
DATUM_VON TYPE STRING,
DATUM_BIS TYPE STRING,
PRUEFSTAT TYPE STRING,
ART TYPE STRING,
HERKUNFT TYPE STRING,
CHARG TYPE STRING,
AUFNR_VON TYPE STRING,
AUFNR_BIS TYPE STRING,
LIFNR TYPE STRING,
KUNNR TYPE STRING,
MBLNR TYPE STRING,
MAXLOSANZ TYPE STRING,
MATNR_LONG TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_QAILS_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_QAILS_STR-SATZART sy-vline 
WA_QAILS_STR-LOSNR_VON sy-vline 
WA_QAILS_STR-LOSNR_BIS sy-vline 
WA_QAILS_STR-PLNFL sy-vline 
WA_QAILS_STR-VORNR_VON sy-vline 
WA_QAILS_STR-VORNR_BIS sy-vline 
WA_QAILS_STR-VORGWERK sy-vline 
WA_QAILS_STR-SUBSYS sy-vline 
WA_QAILS_STR-PRPLATZ sy-vline 
WA_QAILS_STR-PRPLATZWRK sy-vline 
WA_QAILS_STR-MATNR sy-vline 
WA_QAILS_STR-DATUM_VON sy-vline 
WA_QAILS_STR-DATUM_BIS sy-vline 
WA_QAILS_STR-PRUEFSTAT sy-vline 
WA_QAILS_STR-ART sy-vline 
WA_QAILS_STR-HERKUNFT sy-vline 
WA_QAILS_STR-CHARG sy-vline 
WA_QAILS_STR-AUFNR_VON sy-vline 
WA_QAILS_STR-AUFNR_BIS sy-vline 
WA_QAILS_STR-LIFNR sy-vline 
WA_QAILS_STR-KUNNR sy-vline 
WA_QAILS_STR-MBLNR sy-vline 
WA_QAILS_STR-MAXLOSANZ sy-vline 
WA_QAILS_STR-MATNR_LONG sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.