ABAP Select data from SAP table QADBHIER into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP QADBHIER table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to QADBHIER. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the QADBHIER table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_QADBHIER TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF QADBHIER,
      WA_QADBHIER TYPE QADBHIER,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <QADBHIER> TYPE QADBHIER.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_QADBHIER.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM QADBHIER
  INTO TABLE IT_QADBHIER.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM QADBHIER
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_QADBHIER2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_QADBHIER INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_QADBHIER2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_QADBHIER ASSIGNING <QADBHIER>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<QADBHIER>-ROW_NUMBER = 1.
<QADBHIER>-NODE_ID = 1.
<QADBHIER>-NODE_TYPE = 1.
<QADBHIER>-NODE_LEVEL = 1.
<QADBHIER>-EXTENSION = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_QADBHIER INTO WA_QADBHIER.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_QADBHIER-PARENT_ID, sy-vline,
  WA_QADBHIER-SEQUENCE, sy-vline,
  WA_QADBHIER-BROTHER_ID, sy-vline,
  WA_QADBHIER-TREE_ID, sy-vline,
  WA_QADBHIER-REFNODE_ID, sy-vline,
  WA_QADBHIER-REFTREE_ID, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_QADBHIER you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_QADBHIER TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_QADBHIER INTO WA_QADBHIER.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ISOLA, internal->external for field SPRAS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ISOLA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_QADBHIER-SPRAS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_QADBHIER-SPRAS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_QADBHIER_STR, 
ROW_NUMBER TYPE STRING,
NODE_ID TYPE STRING,
NODE_TYPE TYPE STRING,
NODE_LEVEL TYPE STRING,
EXTENSION TYPE STRING,
PARENT_ID TYPE STRING,
SEQUENCE TYPE STRING,
BROTHER_ID TYPE STRING,
TREE_ID TYPE STRING,
REFNODE_ID TYPE STRING,
REFTREE_ID TYPE STRING,
LOCAL_FLAG TYPE STRING,
VALID_F_R TYPE STRING,
VALID_T_R TYPE STRING,
VALID_F_D TYPE STRING,
VALID_T_D TYPE STRING,
FORCE_PLUS TYPE STRING,
W_SUBNODES TYPE STRING,
FILTER_ID TYPE STRING,
FUSER TYPE STRING,
FDATE TYPE STRING,
FTIME TYPE STRING,
FRELEASE TYPE STRING,
LUSER TYPE STRING,
LDATE TYPE STRING,
LTIME TYPE STRING,
LRELEASE TYPE STRING,
REF_TYPE TYPE STRING,
REF_OBJECT TYPE STRING,
DEL_FLAG TYPE STRING,
FROM_RNODE TYPE STRING,
SPRAS TYPE STRING,
TEXT TYPE STRING,
FROM_OBJ TYPE STRING,
IMG_FLAG TYPE STRING,
LEAF TYPE STRING,
IBU TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_QADBHIER_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_QADBHIER_STR-ROW_NUMBER sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-NODE_ID sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-NODE_TYPE sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-NODE_LEVEL sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-EXTENSION sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-PARENT_ID sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-SEQUENCE sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-BROTHER_ID sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-TREE_ID sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-REFNODE_ID sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-REFTREE_ID sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-LOCAL_FLAG sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-VALID_F_R sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-VALID_T_R sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-VALID_F_D sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-VALID_T_D sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-FORCE_PLUS sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-W_SUBNODES sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-FILTER_ID sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-FUSER sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-FDATE sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-FTIME sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-FRELEASE sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-LUSER sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-LDATE sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-LTIME sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-LRELEASE sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-REF_TYPE sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-REF_OBJECT sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-DEL_FLAG sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-FROM_RNODE sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-SPRAS sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-TEXT sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-FROM_OBJ sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-IMG_FLAG sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-LEAF sy-vline 
WA_QADBHIER_STR-IBU sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.