ABAP Select data from SAP table Q0789 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP Q0789 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to Q0789. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the Q0789 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_Q0789 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF Q0789,
      WA_Q0789 TYPE Q0789,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <Q0789> TYPE Q0789.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_Q0789.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM Q0789
  INTO TABLE IT_Q0789.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM Q0789
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_Q07892).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_Q0789 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_Q07892).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_Q0789 ASSIGNING <Q0789>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<Q0789>-IT0021_PERSON = 1.
<Q0789>-FAVOR = 1.
<Q0789>-FANAM = 1.
<Q0789>-FGBDT = 1.
<Q0789>-ENAME = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_Q0789 INTO WA_Q0789.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_Q0789-TGBTX, sy-vline,
  WA_Q0789-RGF_DZ_JAHRE, sy-vline,
  WA_Q0789-RGF_DZ_TAGE, sy-vline,
  WA_Q0789-DEZ_JAHRE_AUTOM, sy-vline,
  WA_Q0789-DEZ_JAHRE_MAN, sy-vline,
  WA_Q0789-RGF_DIENSTZEIT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_Q0789 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_Q0789 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_Q0789 INTO WA_Q0789.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit PDATE, internal->external for field FGBDT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_PDATE_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_Q0789-FGBDT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_Q0789-FGBDT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_Q0789_STR, 
IT0021_PERSON TYPE STRING,
FAVOR TYPE STRING,
FANAM TYPE STRING,
FGBDT TYPE STRING,
ENAME TYPE STRING,
TGBTX TYPE STRING,
RGF_DZ_JAHRE TYPE STRING,
RGF_DZ_TAGE TYPE STRING,
DEZ_JAHRE_AUTOM TYPE STRING,
DEZ_JAHRE_MAN TYPE STRING,
RGF_DIENSTZEIT TYPE STRING,
RGF_DZ_TAGE_CAL4 TYPE STRING,
VARIANTE TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_Q0789_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_Q0789_STR-IT0021_PERSON sy-vline 
WA_Q0789_STR-FAVOR sy-vline 
WA_Q0789_STR-FANAM sy-vline 
WA_Q0789_STR-FGBDT sy-vline 
WA_Q0789_STR-ENAME sy-vline 
WA_Q0789_STR-TGBTX sy-vline 
WA_Q0789_STR-RGF_DZ_JAHRE sy-vline 
WA_Q0789_STR-RGF_DZ_TAGE sy-vline 
WA_Q0789_STR-DEZ_JAHRE_AUTOM sy-vline 
WA_Q0789_STR-DEZ_JAHRE_MAN sy-vline 
WA_Q0789_STR-RGF_DIENSTZEIT sy-vline 
WA_Q0789_STR-RGF_DZ_TAGE_CAL4 sy-vline 
WA_Q0789_STR-VARIANTE sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.