ABAP Select data from SAP table Q0021 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP Q0021 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to Q0021. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the Q0021 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_Q0021 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF Q0021,
      WA_Q0021 TYPE Q0021,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <Q0021> TYPE Q0021.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_Q0021.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM Q0021
  INTO TABLE IT_Q0021.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM Q0021
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_Q00212).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_Q0021 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_Q00212).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_Q0021 ASSIGNING <Q0021>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<Q0021>-FASEX = 1.
<Q0021>-LNDTX = 1.
<Q0021>-NATTX = 1.
<Q0021>-KDSTX = 1.
<Q0021>-KDBTX = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_Q0021 INTO WA_Q0021.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_Q0021-KDUTX, sy-vline,
  WA_Q0021-KDGTX, sy-vline,
  WA_Q0021-KNDTX, sy-vline,
  WA_Q0021-KDZTX, sy-vline,
  WA_Q0021-KDVTX, sy-vline,
  WA_Q0021-ENAME, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_Q0021 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_Q0021 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_Q0021 INTO WA_Q0021.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_Q0021_STR, 
FASEX TYPE STRING,
LNDTX TYPE STRING,
NATTX TYPE STRING,
KDSTX TYPE STRING,
KDBTX TYPE STRING,
KDUTX TYPE STRING,
KDGTX TYPE STRING,
KNDTX TYPE STRING,
KDZTX TYPE STRING,
KDVTX TYPE STRING,
ENAME TYPE STRING,
GESC1 TYPE STRING,
GESC2 TYPE STRING,
OBJTX TYPE STRING,
KDART TYPE STRING,
IRPF TYPE STRING,
MINSV TYPE STRING,
CODIM TYPE STRING,
IJSS TYPE STRING,
QDPCH TYPE STRING,
NTREL TYPE STRING,
OTHDP TYPE STRING,
ONAME TYPE STRING,
ECARD TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_Q0021_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_Q0021_STR-FASEX sy-vline 
WA_Q0021_STR-LNDTX sy-vline 
WA_Q0021_STR-NATTX sy-vline 
WA_Q0021_STR-KDSTX sy-vline 
WA_Q0021_STR-KDBTX sy-vline 
WA_Q0021_STR-KDUTX sy-vline 
WA_Q0021_STR-KDGTX sy-vline 
WA_Q0021_STR-KNDTX sy-vline 
WA_Q0021_STR-KDZTX sy-vline 
WA_Q0021_STR-KDVTX sy-vline 
WA_Q0021_STR-ENAME sy-vline 
WA_Q0021_STR-GESC1 sy-vline 
WA_Q0021_STR-GESC2 sy-vline 
WA_Q0021_STR-OBJTX sy-vline 
WA_Q0021_STR-KDART sy-vline 
WA_Q0021_STR-IRPF sy-vline 
WA_Q0021_STR-MINSV sy-vline 
WA_Q0021_STR-CODIM sy-vline 
WA_Q0021_STR-IJSS sy-vline 
WA_Q0021_STR-QDPCH sy-vline 
WA_Q0021_STR-NTREL sy-vline 
WA_Q0021_STR-OTHDP sy-vline 
WA_Q0021_STR-ONAME sy-vline 
WA_Q0021_STR-ECARD sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.