ABAP Select data from SAP table PRESENT_COMMON into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP PRESENT_COMMON table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to PRESENT_COMMON. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the PRESENT_COMMON table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_PRESENT_COMMON TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF PRESENT_COMMON,
      WA_PRESENT_COMMON TYPE PRESENT_COMMON,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <PRESENT_COMMON> TYPE PRESENT_COMMON.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_PRESENT_COMMON.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM PRESENT_COMMON
  INTO TABLE IT_PRESENT_COMMON.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM PRESENT_COMMON
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_PRESENT_COMMON2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_PRESENT_COMMON INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_PRESENT_COMMON2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_PRESENT_COMMON ASSIGNING <PRESENT_COMMON>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<PRESENT_COMMON>-DATUM = 1.
<PRESENT_COMMON>-PAGE_ = 1.
<PRESENT_COMMON>-P0001 = 1.
<PRESENT_COMMON>-BUKRS = 1.
<PRESENT_COMMON>-WERKS = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_PRESENT_COMMON INTO WA_PRESENT_COMMON.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_PRESENT_COMMON-PERSG, sy-vline,
  WA_PRESENT_COMMON-PERSK, sy-vline,
  WA_PRESENT_COMMON-VDSK1, sy-vline,
  WA_PRESENT_COMMON-GSBER, sy-vline,
  WA_PRESENT_COMMON-BTRTL, sy-vline,
  WA_PRESENT_COMMON-JUPER, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_PRESENT_COMMON you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_PRESENT_COMMON TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_PRESENT_COMMON INTO WA_PRESENT_COMMON.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KOSTL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_PRESENT_COMMON-KOSTL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_PRESENT_COMMON-KOSTL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field GRANT_NBR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_PRESENT_COMMON-GRANT_NBR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_PRESENT_COMMON-GRANT_NBR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field SGMNT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_PRESENT_COMMON-SGMNT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_PRESENT_COMMON-SGMNT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_PRESENT_COMMON_STR, 
DATUM TYPE STRING,
PAGE_ TYPE STRING,
P0001 TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
WERKS TYPE STRING,
PERSG TYPE STRING,
PERSK TYPE STRING,
VDSK1 TYPE STRING,
GSBER TYPE STRING,
BTRTL TYPE STRING,
JUPER TYPE STRING,
ABKRS TYPE STRING,
ANSVH TYPE STRING,
KOSTL TYPE STRING,
ORGEH TYPE STRING,
PLANS TYPE STRING,
STELL TYPE STRING,
MSTBR TYPE STRING,
SACHA TYPE STRING,
SACHP TYPE STRING,
SACHZ TYPE STRING,
SNAME TYPE STRING,
ENAME TYPE STRING,
OTYPE TYPE STRING,
SBMOD TYPE STRING,
KOKRS TYPE STRING,
FISTL TYPE STRING,
GEBER TYPE STRING,
FKBER TYPE STRING,
GRANT_NBR TYPE STRING,
SGMNT TYPE STRING,
BUDGET_PD TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR-DATUM sy-vline 
WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR-PAGE_ sy-vline 
WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR-P0001 sy-vline 
WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR-WERKS sy-vline 
WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR-PERSG sy-vline 
WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR-PERSK sy-vline 
WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR-VDSK1 sy-vline 
WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR-GSBER sy-vline 
WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR-BTRTL sy-vline 
WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR-JUPER sy-vline 
WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR-ABKRS sy-vline 
WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR-ANSVH sy-vline 
WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR-KOSTL sy-vline 
WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR-ORGEH sy-vline 
WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR-PLANS sy-vline 
WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR-STELL sy-vline 
WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR-MSTBR sy-vline 
WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR-SACHA sy-vline 
WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR-SACHP sy-vline 
WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR-SACHZ sy-vline 
WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR-SNAME sy-vline 
WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR-ENAME sy-vline 
WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR-OTYPE sy-vline 
WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR-SBMOD sy-vline 
WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR-KOKRS sy-vline 
WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR-FISTL sy-vline 
WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR-GEBER sy-vline 
WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR-FKBER sy-vline 
WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR-GRANT_NBR sy-vline 
WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR-SGMNT sy-vline 
WA_PRESENT_COMMON_STR-BUDGET_PD sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.