ABAP Select data from SAP table PREPBD into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP PREPBD table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to PREPBD. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the PREPBD table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_PREPBD TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF PREPBD,
      WA_PREPBD TYPE PREPBD,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <PREPBD> TYPE PREPBD.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_PREPBD.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM PREPBD
  INTO TABLE IT_PREPBD.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM PREPBD
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_PREPBD2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_PREPBD INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_PREPBD2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_PREPBD ASSIGNING <PREPBD>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<PREPBD>-MANDT = 1.
<PREPBD>-MAINTENANCENOTIFICATION = 1.
<PREPBD>-EQUIPMENT = 1.
<PREPBD>-FUNCTIONALLOCATION = 1.
<PREPBD>-TECHNICALOBJECT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_PREPBD INTO WA_PREPBD.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_PREPBD-TECHOBJISEQUIPORFUNCNLLOC, sy-vline,
  WA_PREPBD-MAINTENANCEORDER, sy-vline,
  WA_PREPBD-MAINTOBJECTDOWNTIMEDURATION, sy-vline,
  WA_PREPBD-MAINTOBJDOWNTIMEDURATIONUNIT, sy-vline,
  WA_PREPBD-MAINTPRIORITY, sy-vline,
  WA_PREPBD-MAINTPRIORITYTYPE, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_PREPBD you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_PREPBD TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_PREPBD INTO WA_PREPBD.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field MAINTENANCENOTIFICATION
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_PREPBD-MAINTENANCENOTIFICATION
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_PREPBD-MAINTENANCENOTIFICATION.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field EQUIPMENT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_PREPBD-EQUIPMENT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_PREPBD-EQUIPMENT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit TPLNR, internal->external for field FUNCTIONALLOCATION
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_TPLNR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_PREPBD-FUNCTIONALLOCATION
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_PREPBD-FUNCTIONALLOCATION.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field MAINTENANCEORDER
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_PREPBD-MAINTENANCEORDER
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_PREPBD-MAINTENANCEORDER.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MAINTOBJDOWNTIMEDURATIONUNIT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_PREPBD-MAINTOBJDOWNTIMEDURATIONUNIT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_PREPBD-MAINTOBJDOWNTIMEDURATIONUNIT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_PREPBD_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
MAINTENANCENOTIFICATION TYPE STRING,
EQUIPMENT TYPE STRING,
FUNCTIONALLOCATION TYPE STRING,
TECHNICALOBJECT TYPE STRING,
TECHOBJISEQUIPORFUNCNLLOC TYPE STRING,
MAINTENANCEORDER TYPE STRING,
MAINTOBJECTDOWNTIMEDURATION TYPE STRING,
MAINTOBJDOWNTIMEDURATIONUNIT TYPE STRING,
MAINTPRIORITY TYPE STRING,
MAINTPRIORITYTYPE TYPE STRING,
NOTIFPROCESSINGPHASE TYPE STRING,
NOTIFICATIONTYPE TYPE STRING,
MAINTENANCEOBJECTISDOWN TYPE STRING,
MAINTENANCEWORKCENTERPLANT TYPE STRING,
WORKCENTERINTERNALID TYPE STRING,
WORKCENTERTYPECODE TYPE STRING,
MALFUNCTIONSTARTDATE TYPE STRING,
MALFUNCTIONSTARTTIME TYPE STRING,
MALFUNCTIONENDDATE TYPE STRING,
MALFUNCTIONENDTIME TYPE STRING,
OPERATIONSTARTDATE TYPE STRING,
MALFUNCTIONSTARTDATETIME TYPE STRING,
MALFUNCTIONENDDATETIME TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_PREPBD_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_PREPBD_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_PREPBD_STR-MAINTENANCENOTIFICATION sy-vline 
WA_PREPBD_STR-EQUIPMENT sy-vline 
WA_PREPBD_STR-FUNCTIONALLOCATION sy-vline 
WA_PREPBD_STR-TECHNICALOBJECT sy-vline 
WA_PREPBD_STR-TECHOBJISEQUIPORFUNCNLLOC sy-vline 
WA_PREPBD_STR-MAINTENANCEORDER sy-vline 
WA_PREPBD_STR-MAINTOBJECTDOWNTIMEDURATION sy-vline 
WA_PREPBD_STR-MAINTOBJDOWNTIMEDURATIONUNIT sy-vline 
WA_PREPBD_STR-MAINTPRIORITY sy-vline 
WA_PREPBD_STR-MAINTPRIORITYTYPE sy-vline 
WA_PREPBD_STR-NOTIFPROCESSINGPHASE sy-vline 
WA_PREPBD_STR-NOTIFICATIONTYPE sy-vline 
WA_PREPBD_STR-MAINTENANCEOBJECTISDOWN sy-vline 
WA_PREPBD_STR-MAINTENANCEWORKCENTERPLANT sy-vline 
WA_PREPBD_STR-WORKCENTERINTERNALID sy-vline 
WA_PREPBD_STR-WORKCENTERTYPECODE sy-vline 
WA_PREPBD_STR-MALFUNCTIONSTARTDATE sy-vline 
WA_PREPBD_STR-MALFUNCTIONSTARTTIME sy-vline 
WA_PREPBD_STR-MALFUNCTIONENDDATE sy-vline 
WA_PREPBD_STR-MALFUNCTIONENDTIME sy-vline 
WA_PREPBD_STR-OPERATIONSTARTDATE sy-vline 
WA_PREPBD_STR-MALFUNCTIONSTARTDATETIME sy-vline 
WA_PREPBD_STR-MALFUNCTIONENDDATETIME sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.