ABAP Select data from SAP table POS_MONITOR into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP POS_MONITOR table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to POS_MONITOR. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the POS_MONITOR table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_POS_MONITOR TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF POS_MONITOR,
      WA_POS_MONITOR TYPE POS_MONITOR,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <POS_MONITOR> TYPE POS_MONITOR.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_POS_MONITOR.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM POS_MONITOR
  INTO TABLE IT_POS_MONITOR.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM POS_MONITOR
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_POS_MONITOR2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_POS_MONITOR INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_POS_MONITOR2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_POS_MONITOR ASSIGNING <POS_MONITOR>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<POS_MONITOR>-TYPE = 1.
<POS_MONITOR>-AREA = 1.
<POS_MONITOR>-SECTION = 1.
<POS_MONITOR>-NAME1 = 1.
<POS_MONITOR>-EMPFN = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_POS_MONITOR INTO WA_POS_MONITOR.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_POS_MONITOR-SYSTP, sy-vline,
  WA_POS_MONITOR-ERZDT, sy-vline,
  WA_POS_MONITOR-ERZZT, sy-vline,
  WA_POS_MONITOR-GESST, sy-vline,
  WA_POS_MONITOR-DLDNR, sy-vline,
  WA_POS_MONITOR-COUNTER, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_POS_MONITOR you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_POS_MONITOR TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_POS_MONITOR INTO WA_POS_MONITOR.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field EMPFN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_POS_MONITOR-EMPFN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_POS_MONITOR-EMPFN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field SNDPRN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_POS_MONITOR-SNDPRN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_POS_MONITOR-SNDPRN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_POS_MONITOR_STR, 
TYPE TYPE STRING,
AREA TYPE STRING,
SECTION TYPE STRING,
NAME1 TYPE STRING,
EMPFN TYPE STRING,
SYSTP TYPE STRING,
ERZDT TYPE STRING,
ERZZT TYPE STRING,
GESST TYPE STRING,
DLDNR TYPE STRING,
COUNTER TYPE STRING,
DOCNUM TYPE STRING,
MESTYP TYPE STRING,
SNDPRN TYPE STRING,
CREDAT TYPE STRING,
STATUS TYPE STRING,
FOLDOC_KEY1 TYPE STRING,
REFNR TYPE STRING,
KEY TYPE STRING,
OBJTYPE TYPE STRING,
MESTYPNR TYPE STRING,
SEGNUM TYPE STRING,
SEGNUM_END TYPE STRING,
POSTED TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_POS_MONITOR_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_POS_MONITOR_STR-TYPE sy-vline 
WA_POS_MONITOR_STR-AREA sy-vline 
WA_POS_MONITOR_STR-SECTION sy-vline 
WA_POS_MONITOR_STR-NAME1 sy-vline 
WA_POS_MONITOR_STR-EMPFN sy-vline 
WA_POS_MONITOR_STR-SYSTP sy-vline 
WA_POS_MONITOR_STR-ERZDT sy-vline 
WA_POS_MONITOR_STR-ERZZT sy-vline 
WA_POS_MONITOR_STR-GESST sy-vline 
WA_POS_MONITOR_STR-DLDNR sy-vline 
WA_POS_MONITOR_STR-COUNTER sy-vline 
WA_POS_MONITOR_STR-DOCNUM sy-vline 
WA_POS_MONITOR_STR-MESTYP sy-vline 
WA_POS_MONITOR_STR-SNDPRN sy-vline 
WA_POS_MONITOR_STR-CREDAT sy-vline 
WA_POS_MONITOR_STR-STATUS sy-vline 
WA_POS_MONITOR_STR-FOLDOC_KEY1 sy-vline 
WA_POS_MONITOR_STR-REFNR sy-vline 
WA_POS_MONITOR_STR-KEY sy-vline 
WA_POS_MONITOR_STR-OBJTYPE sy-vline 
WA_POS_MONITOR_STR-MESTYPNR sy-vline 
WA_POS_MONITOR_STR-SEGNUM sy-vline 
WA_POS_MONITOR_STR-SEGNUM_END sy-vline 
WA_POS_MONITOR_STR-POSTED sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.