ABAP Select data from SAP table PMQ21 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP PMQ21 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to PMQ21. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the PMQ21 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_PMQ21 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF PMQ21,
      WA_PMQ21 TYPE PMQ21,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <PMQ21> TYPE PMQ21.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_PMQ21.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM PMQ21
  INTO TABLE IT_PMQ21.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM PMQ21
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_PMQ212).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_PMQ21 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_PMQ212).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_PMQ21 ASSIGNING <PMQ21>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<PMQ21>-PLSTA = 1.
<PMQ21>-PLSTX = 1.
<PMQ21>-SIMUT = 1.
<PMQ21>-SIMPL = 1.
<PMQ21>-SIMPX = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_PMQ21 INTO WA_PMQ21.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_PMQ21-LOPPL, sy-vline,
  WA_PMQ21-LOPVC, sy-vline,
  WA_PMQ21-LOPMS, sy-vline,
  WA_PMQ21-LOPPZ, sy-vline,
  WA_PMQ21-LOPST, sy-vline,
  WA_PMQ21-LOPBD, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_PMQ21 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_PMQ21 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_PMQ21 INTO WA_PMQ21.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_PMQ21_STR, 
PLSTA TYPE STRING,
PLSTX TYPE STRING,
SIMUT TYPE STRING,
SIMPL TYPE STRING,
SIMPX TYPE STRING,
LOPPL TYPE STRING,
LOPVC TYPE STRING,
LOPMS TYPE STRING,
LOPPZ TYPE STRING,
LOPST TYPE STRING,
LOPBD TYPE STRING,
LOPED TYPE STRING,
SIMLV TYPE STRING,
PNUM TYPE STRING,
TOTAL TYPE STRING,
PERNR TYPE STRING,
PERTX TYPE STRING,
PLOPO TYPE STRING,
PLOPS TYPE STRING,
PLOPV TYPE STRING,
PPNUM TYPE STRING,
PTOTA TYPE STRING,
VORMT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_PMQ21_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_PMQ21_STR-PLSTA sy-vline 
WA_PMQ21_STR-PLSTX sy-vline 
WA_PMQ21_STR-SIMUT sy-vline 
WA_PMQ21_STR-SIMPL sy-vline 
WA_PMQ21_STR-SIMPX sy-vline 
WA_PMQ21_STR-LOPPL sy-vline 
WA_PMQ21_STR-LOPVC sy-vline 
WA_PMQ21_STR-LOPMS sy-vline 
WA_PMQ21_STR-LOPPZ sy-vline 
WA_PMQ21_STR-LOPST sy-vline 
WA_PMQ21_STR-LOPBD sy-vline 
WA_PMQ21_STR-LOPED sy-vline 
WA_PMQ21_STR-SIMLV sy-vline 
WA_PMQ21_STR-PNUM sy-vline 
WA_PMQ21_STR-TOTAL sy-vline 
WA_PMQ21_STR-PERNR sy-vline 
WA_PMQ21_STR-PERTX sy-vline 
WA_PMQ21_STR-PLOPO sy-vline 
WA_PMQ21_STR-PLOPS sy-vline 
WA_PMQ21_STR-PLOPV sy-vline 
WA_PMQ21_STR-PPNUM sy-vline 
WA_PMQ21_STR-PTOTA sy-vline 
WA_PMQ21_STR-VORMT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.