ABAP Select data from SAP table PMELZ into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP PMELZ table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to PMELZ. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the PMELZ table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_PMELZ TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF PMELZ,
      WA_PMELZ TYPE PMELZ,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <PMELZ> TYPE PMELZ.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_PMELZ.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM PMELZ
  INTO TABLE IT_PMELZ.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM PMELZ
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_PMELZ2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_PMELZ INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_PMELZ2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_PMELZ ASSIGNING <PMELZ>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<PMELZ>-PERIODE = 1.
<PMELZ>-LGART = 1.
<PMELZ>-LAVBZ = 1.
<PMELZ>-KVBEZ = 1.
<PMELZ>-GRDVF = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_PMELZ INTO WA_PMELZ.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_PMELZ-ZUSTZL_KNZRG, sy-vline,
  WA_PMELZ-STATV, sy-vline,
  WA_PMELZ-STAT2, sy-vline,
  WA_PMELZ-UNTERH_BEITRAG, sy-vline,
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_PMELZ you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_PMELZ TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_PMELZ INTO WA_PMELZ.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_PMELZ_STR, 
PERIODE TYPE STRING,
LGART TYPE STRING,
LAVBZ TYPE STRING,
KVBEZ TYPE STRING,
GRDVF TYPE STRING,
ZUSTZL_KNZRG TYPE STRING,
STATV TYPE STRING,
STAT2 TYPE STRING,
UNTERH_BEITRAG TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_PMELZ_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_PMELZ_STR-PERIODE sy-vline 
WA_PMELZ_STR-LGART sy-vline 
WA_PMELZ_STR-LAVBZ sy-vline 
WA_PMELZ_STR-KVBEZ sy-vline 
WA_PMELZ_STR-GRDVF sy-vline 
WA_PMELZ_STR-ZUSTZL_KNZRG sy-vline 
WA_PMELZ_STR-STATV sy-vline 
WA_PMELZ_STR-STAT2 sy-vline 
WA_PMELZ_STR-UNTERH_BEITRAG sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.