ABAP Select data from SAP table PMELA into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP PMELA table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to PMELA. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the PMELA table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_PMELA TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF PMELA,
      WA_PMELA TYPE PMELA,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <PMELA> TYPE PMELA.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_PMELA.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM PMELA
  INTO TABLE IT_PMELA.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM PMELA
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_PMELA2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_PMELA INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_PMELA2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_PMELA ASSIGNING <PMELA>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<PMELA>-BUKRS = 1.
<PMELA>-WERKS = 1.
<PMELA>-BTRTL = 1.
<PMELA>-PERSG = 1.
<PMELA>-PERSK = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_PMELA INTO WA_PMELA.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_PMELA-ABKRS, sy-vline,
  WA_PMELA-KOSTL, sy-vline,
  WA_PMELA-ORGEH, sy-vline,
  WA_PMELA-ANSVH, sy-vline,
  WA_PMELA-STELL, sy-vline,
  WA_PMELA-SCHKZ, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_PMELA you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_PMELA TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_PMELA INTO WA_PMELA.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KOSTL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_PMELA-KOSTL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_PMELA-KOSTL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_PMELA_STR, 
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
WERKS TYPE STRING,
BTRTL TYPE STRING,
PERSG TYPE STRING,
PERSK TYPE STRING,
ABKRS TYPE STRING,
KOSTL TYPE STRING,
ORGEH TYPE STRING,
ANSVH TYPE STRING,
STELL TYPE STRING,
SCHKZ TYPE STRING,
ZTERF TYPE STRING,
WWEEK TYPE STRING,
KZTIM TYPE STRING,
WOSTD TYPE STRING,
TRFAR TYPE STRING,
TRFGB TYPE STRING,
TRFGR TYPE STRING,
TRFST TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_PMELA_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_PMELA_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_PMELA_STR-WERKS sy-vline 
WA_PMELA_STR-BTRTL sy-vline 
WA_PMELA_STR-PERSG sy-vline 
WA_PMELA_STR-PERSK sy-vline 
WA_PMELA_STR-ABKRS sy-vline 
WA_PMELA_STR-KOSTL sy-vline 
WA_PMELA_STR-ORGEH sy-vline 
WA_PMELA_STR-ANSVH sy-vline 
WA_PMELA_STR-STELL sy-vline 
WA_PMELA_STR-SCHKZ sy-vline 
WA_PMELA_STR-ZTERF sy-vline 
WA_PMELA_STR-WWEEK sy-vline 
WA_PMELA_STR-KZTIM sy-vline 
WA_PMELA_STR-WOSTD sy-vline 
WA_PMELA_STR-TRFAR sy-vline 
WA_PMELA_STR-TRFGB sy-vline 
WA_PMELA_STR-TRFGR sy-vline 
WA_PMELA_STR-TRFST sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.