ABAP Select data from SAP table PGMI into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP PGMI table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to PGMI. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the PGMI table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_PGMI TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF PGMI,
      WA_PGMI TYPE PGMI,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <PGMI> TYPE PGMI.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_PGMI.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM PGMI
  INTO TABLE IT_PGMI.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM PGMI
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_PGMI2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_PGMI INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_PGMI2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_PGMI ASSIGNING <PGMI>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<PGMI>-MANDT = 1.
<PGMI>-PGTYP = 1.
<PGMI>-PRGRP = 1.
<PGMI>-WERKS = 1.
<PGMI>-NRMIT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_PGMI INTO WA_PGMI.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_PGMI-WEMIT, sy-vline,
  WA_PGMI-DATUM, sy-vline,
  WA_PGMI-VSNDA, sy-vline,
  WA_PGMI-PRKOF, sy-vline,
  WA_PGMI-ANTEI, sy-vline,
  WA_PGMI-FIXKZ, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_PGMI you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_PGMI TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_PGMI INTO WA_PGMI.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field PRGRP
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_PGMI-PRGRP
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_PGMI-PRGRP.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field NRMIT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_PGMI-NRMIT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_PGMI-NRMIT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_PGMI_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
PGTYP TYPE STRING,
PRGRP TYPE STRING,
WERKS TYPE STRING,
NRMIT TYPE STRING,
WEMIT TYPE STRING,
DATUM TYPE STRING,
VSNDA TYPE STRING,
PRKOF TYPE STRING,
ANTEI TYPE STRING,
FIXKZ TYPE STRING,
STATU TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_PGMI_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_PGMI_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_PGMI_STR-PGTYP sy-vline 
WA_PGMI_STR-PRGRP sy-vline 
WA_PGMI_STR-WERKS sy-vline 
WA_PGMI_STR-NRMIT sy-vline 
WA_PGMI_STR-WEMIT sy-vline 
WA_PGMI_STR-DATUM sy-vline 
WA_PGMI_STR-VSNDA sy-vline 
WA_PGMI_STR-PRKOF sy-vline 
WA_PGMI_STR-ANTEI sy-vline 
WA_PGMI_STR-FIXKZ sy-vline 
WA_PGMI_STR-STATU sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.