ABAP Select data from SAP table PFM_M_KBLNA into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP PFM_M_KBLNA table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to PFM_M_KBLNA. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the PFM_M_KBLNA table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_PFM_M_KBLNA TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF PFM_M_KBLNA,
      WA_PFM_M_KBLNA TYPE PFM_M_KBLNA,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <PFM_M_KBLNA> TYPE PFM_M_KBLNA.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_PFM_M_KBLNA.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM PFM_M_KBLNA
  INTO TABLE IT_PFM_M_KBLNA.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM PFM_M_KBLNA
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_PFM_M_KBLNA2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_PFM_M_KBLNA INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_PFM_M_KBLNA2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_PFM_M_KBLNA ASSIGNING <PFM_M_KBLNA>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<PFM_M_KBLNA>-MANDT = 1.
<PFM_M_KBLNA>-BELNR_LP = 1.
<PFM_M_KBLNA>-BLPOS = 1.
<PFM_M_KBLNA>-FIKRS = 1.
<PFM_M_KBLNA>-BUKRS = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_PFM_M_KBLNA INTO WA_PFM_M_KBLNA.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_PFM_M_KBLNA-WAERS, sy-vline,
  WA_PFM_M_KBLNA-BLDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_PFM_M_KBLNA-FDATK, sy-vline,
  WA_PFM_M_KBLNA-FIPOS, sy-vline,
  WA_PFM_M_KBLNA-FISTL, sy-vline,
  WA_PFM_M_KBLNA-GEBER, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_PFM_M_KBLNA you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_PFM_M_KBLNA TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_PFM_M_KBLNA INTO WA_PFM_M_KBLNA.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BELNR_LP
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_PFM_M_KBLNA-BELNR_LP
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_PFM_M_KBLNA-BELNR_LP.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit FMCIS, internal->external for field FIPOS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_FMCIS_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_PFM_M_KBLNA-FIPOS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_PFM_M_KBLNA-FIPOS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KOSTL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_PFM_M_KBLNA-KOSTL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_PFM_M_KBLNA-KOSTL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_PFM_M_KBLNA_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
BELNR_LP TYPE STRING,
BLPOS TYPE STRING,
FIKRS TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
WAERS TYPE STRING,
BLDAT TYPE STRING,
FDATK TYPE STRING,
FIPOS TYPE STRING,
FISTL TYPE STRING,
GEBER TYPE STRING,
XBLNR TYPE STRING,
KTEXT TYPE STRING,
KOSTL TYPE STRING,
KOKRS TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_PFM_M_KBLNA_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_PFM_M_KBLNA_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_PFM_M_KBLNA_STR-BELNR_LP sy-vline 
WA_PFM_M_KBLNA_STR-BLPOS sy-vline 
WA_PFM_M_KBLNA_STR-FIKRS sy-vline 
WA_PFM_M_KBLNA_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_PFM_M_KBLNA_STR-WAERS sy-vline 
WA_PFM_M_KBLNA_STR-BLDAT sy-vline 
WA_PFM_M_KBLNA_STR-FDATK sy-vline 
WA_PFM_M_KBLNA_STR-FIPOS sy-vline 
WA_PFM_M_KBLNA_STR-FISTL sy-vline 
WA_PFM_M_KBLNA_STR-GEBER sy-vline 
WA_PFM_M_KBLNA_STR-XBLNR sy-vline 
WA_PFM_M_KBLNA_STR-KTEXT sy-vline 
WA_PFM_M_KBLNA_STR-KOSTL sy-vline 
WA_PFM_M_KBLNA_STR-KOKRS sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.