ABAP Select data from SAP table PDM_POSVARIANT into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP PDM_POSVARIANT table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to PDM_POSVARIANT. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the PDM_POSVARIANT table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_PDM_POSVARIANT TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF PDM_POSVARIANT,
      WA_PDM_POSVARIANT TYPE PDM_POSVARIANT,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <PDM_POSVARIANT> TYPE PDM_POSVARIANT.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_PDM_POSVARIANT.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM PDM_POSVARIANT
  INTO TABLE IT_PDM_POSVARIANT.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM PDM_POSVARIANT
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_PDM_POSVARIANT2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_PDM_POSVARIANT INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_PDM_POSVARIANT2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_PDM_POSVARIANT ASSIGNING <PDM_POSVARIANT>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<PDM_POSVARIANT>-RFCDEST = 1.
<PDM_POSVARIANT>-OBJECT_HANDLE = 1.
<PDM_POSVARIANT>-LOGSYS = 1.
<PDM_POSVARIANT>-PVGUID = 1.
<PDM_POSVARIANT>-AENNR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_PDM_POSVARIANT INTO WA_PDM_POSVARIANT.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_PDM_POSVARIANT-PVNAME, sy-vline,
  WA_PDM_POSVARIANT-PVTYPE, sy-vline,
  WA_PDM_POSVARIANT-PVICON, sy-vline,
  WA_PDM_POSVARIANT-CCODE, sy-vline,
  WA_PDM_POSVARIANT-QUANT, sy-vline,
  WA_PDM_POSVARIANT-QUNIT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_PDM_POSVARIANT you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_PDM_POSVARIANT TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_PDM_POSVARIANT INTO WA_PDM_POSVARIANT.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LOGSYS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_PDM_POSVARIANT-LOGSYS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_PDM_POSVARIANT-LOGSYS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field AENNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_PDM_POSVARIANT-AENNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_PDM_POSVARIANT-AENNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PVNAME
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_PDM_POSVARIANT-PVNAME
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_PDM_POSVARIANT-PVNAME.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field QUNIT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_PDM_POSVARIANT-QUNIT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_PDM_POSVARIANT-QUNIT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_PDM_POSVARIANT_STR, 
RFCDEST TYPE STRING,
OBJECT_HANDLE TYPE STRING,
LOGSYS TYPE STRING,
PVGUID TYPE STRING,
AENNR TYPE STRING,
PVNAME TYPE STRING,
PVTYPE TYPE STRING,
PVICON TYPE STRING,
CCODE TYPE STRING,
QUANT TYPE STRING,
QUNIT TYPE STRING,
SELECTED TYPE STRING,
NOT_SELECTABLE TYPE STRING,
CMPTEXT TYPE STRING,
PDESC TYPE STRING,
NOT_EXIST TYPE STRING,
USED_IN_ECR TYPE STRING,
POSVID_EXT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_PDM_POSVARIANT_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_PDM_POSVARIANT_STR-RFCDEST sy-vline 
WA_PDM_POSVARIANT_STR-OBJECT_HANDLE sy-vline 
WA_PDM_POSVARIANT_STR-LOGSYS sy-vline 
WA_PDM_POSVARIANT_STR-PVGUID sy-vline 
WA_PDM_POSVARIANT_STR-AENNR sy-vline 
WA_PDM_POSVARIANT_STR-PVNAME sy-vline 
WA_PDM_POSVARIANT_STR-PVTYPE sy-vline 
WA_PDM_POSVARIANT_STR-PVICON sy-vline 
WA_PDM_POSVARIANT_STR-CCODE sy-vline 
WA_PDM_POSVARIANT_STR-QUANT sy-vline 
WA_PDM_POSVARIANT_STR-QUNIT sy-vline 
WA_PDM_POSVARIANT_STR-SELECTED sy-vline 
WA_PDM_POSVARIANT_STR-NOT_SELECTABLE sy-vline 
WA_PDM_POSVARIANT_STR-CMPTEXT sy-vline 
WA_PDM_POSVARIANT_STR-PDESC sy-vline 
WA_PDM_POSVARIANT_STR-NOT_EXIST sy-vline 
WA_PDM_POSVARIANT_STR-USED_IN_ECR sy-vline 
WA_PDM_POSVARIANT_STR-POSVID_EXT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.