ABAP Select data from SAP table PC278 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP PC278 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to PC278. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the PC278 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_PC278 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF PC278,
      WA_PC278 TYPE PC278,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <PC278> TYPE PC278.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_PC278.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM PC278
  INTO TABLE IT_PC278.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM PC278
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_PC2782).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_PC278 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_PC2782).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_PC278 ASSIGNING <PC278>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<PC278>-UMELD = 1.
<PC278>-SEQNO = 1.
<PC278>-MTATB = 1.
<PC278>-SAART = 1.
<PC278>-VSNUM = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_PC278 INTO WA_PC278.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_PC278-KTONR, sy-vline,
  WA_PC278-VTSCH, sy-vline,
  WA_PC278-NAMEK, sy-vline,
  WA_PC278-GBDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_PC278-AGRND, sy-vline,
  WA_PC278-ENDVS, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_PC278 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_PC278 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_PC278 INTO WA_PC278.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_PC278_STR, 
UMELD TYPE STRING,
SEQNO TYPE STRING,
MTATB TYPE STRING,
SAART TYPE STRING,
VSNUM TYPE STRING,
KTONR TYPE STRING,
VTSCH TYPE STRING,
NAMEK TYPE STRING,
GBDAT TYPE STRING,
AGRND TYPE STRING,
ENDVS TYPE STRING,
UAVBE TYPE STRING,
BEART TYPE STRING,
AVKEN TYPE STRING,
AREND TYPE STRING,
SWTBE TYPE STRING,
WIEDE TYPE STRING,
FLD01 TYPE STRING,
FLD02 TYPE STRING,
MELDA TYPE STRING,
LOEDA TYPE STRING,
FAMST TYPE STRING,
ANSKG TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_PC278_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_PC278_STR-UMELD sy-vline 
WA_PC278_STR-SEQNO sy-vline 
WA_PC278_STR-MTATB sy-vline 
WA_PC278_STR-SAART sy-vline 
WA_PC278_STR-VSNUM sy-vline 
WA_PC278_STR-KTONR sy-vline 
WA_PC278_STR-VTSCH sy-vline 
WA_PC278_STR-NAMEK sy-vline 
WA_PC278_STR-GBDAT sy-vline 
WA_PC278_STR-AGRND sy-vline 
WA_PC278_STR-ENDVS sy-vline 
WA_PC278_STR-UAVBE sy-vline 
WA_PC278_STR-BEART sy-vline 
WA_PC278_STR-AVKEN sy-vline 
WA_PC278_STR-AREND sy-vline 
WA_PC278_STR-SWTBE sy-vline 
WA_PC278_STR-WIEDE sy-vline 
WA_PC278_STR-FLD01 sy-vline 
WA_PC278_STR-FLD02 sy-vline 
WA_PC278_STR-MELDA sy-vline 
WA_PC278_STR-LOEDA sy-vline 
WA_PC278_STR-FAMST sy-vline 
WA_PC278_STR-ANSKG sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.