ABAP Select data from SAP table PC21X into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP PC21X table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to PC21X. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the PC21X table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_PC21X TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF PC21X,
      WA_PC21X TYPE PC21X,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <PC21X> TYPE PC21X.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_PC21X.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM PC21X
  INTO TABLE IT_PC21X.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM PC21X
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_PC21X2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_PC21X INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_PC21X2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_PC21X ASSIGNING <PC21X>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<PC21X>-RVNUM = 1.
<PC21X>-SAKEN = 1.
<PC21X>-VTRAE = 1.
<PC21X>-BNRAS = 1.
<PC21X>-ABEGJ = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_PC21X INTO WA_PC21X.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_PC21X-ABEGD, sy-vline,
  WA_PC21X-AENDD, sy-vline,
  WA_PC21X-AVORM, sy-vline,
  WA_PC21X-ATTKK, sy-vline,
  WA_PC21X-ABESK, sy-vline,
  WA_PC21X-AWLGR, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_PC21X you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_PC21X TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_PC21X INTO WA_PC21X.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_PC21X_STR, 
RVNUM TYPE STRING,
SAKEN TYPE STRING,
VTRAE TYPE STRING,
BNRAS TYPE STRING,
ABEGJ TYPE STRING,
ABEGD TYPE STRING,
AENDD TYPE STRING,
AVORM TYPE STRING,
ATTKK TYPE STRING,
ABESK TYPE STRING,
AWLGR TYPE STRING,
AAUSB TYPE STRING,
BEGJD TYPE STRING,
BEGDD TYPE STRING,
ENDDD TYPE STRING,
MON01 TYPE STRING,
MON02 TYPE STRING,
MON03 TYPE STRING,
MON04 TYPE STRING,
MON05 TYPE STRING,
MON06 TYPE STRING,
MON07 TYPE STRING,
MON08 TYPE STRING,
MON09 TYPE STRING,
MON10 TYPE STRING,
MON11 TYPE STRING,
MON12 TYPE STRING,
AUSBG TYPE STRING,
PERNR TYPE STRING,
IDENT TYPE STRING,
NACHN TYPE STRING,
VORNA TYPE STRING,
LEER1 TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_PC21X_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_PC21X_STR-RVNUM sy-vline 
WA_PC21X_STR-SAKEN sy-vline 
WA_PC21X_STR-VTRAE sy-vline 
WA_PC21X_STR-BNRAS sy-vline 
WA_PC21X_STR-ABEGJ sy-vline 
WA_PC21X_STR-ABEGD sy-vline 
WA_PC21X_STR-AENDD sy-vline 
WA_PC21X_STR-AVORM sy-vline 
WA_PC21X_STR-ATTKK sy-vline 
WA_PC21X_STR-ABESK sy-vline 
WA_PC21X_STR-AWLGR sy-vline 
WA_PC21X_STR-AAUSB sy-vline 
WA_PC21X_STR-BEGJD sy-vline 
WA_PC21X_STR-BEGDD sy-vline 
WA_PC21X_STR-ENDDD sy-vline 
WA_PC21X_STR-MON01 sy-vline 
WA_PC21X_STR-MON02 sy-vline 
WA_PC21X_STR-MON03 sy-vline 
WA_PC21X_STR-MON04 sy-vline 
WA_PC21X_STR-MON05 sy-vline 
WA_PC21X_STR-MON06 sy-vline 
WA_PC21X_STR-MON07 sy-vline 
WA_PC21X_STR-MON08 sy-vline 
WA_PC21X_STR-MON09 sy-vline 
WA_PC21X_STR-MON10 sy-vline 
WA_PC21X_STR-MON11 sy-vline 
WA_PC21X_STR-MON12 sy-vline 
WA_PC21X_STR-AUSBG sy-vline 
WA_PC21X_STR-PERNR sy-vline 
WA_PC21X_STR-IDENT sy-vline 
WA_PC21X_STR-NACHN sy-vline 
WA_PC21X_STR-VORNA sy-vline 
WA_PC21X_STR-LEER1 sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.