ABAP Select data from SAP table PC21S into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP PC21S table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to PC21S. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the PC21S table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_PC21S TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF PC21S,
      WA_PC21S TYPE PC21S,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <PC21S> TYPE PC21S.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_PC21S.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM PC21S
  INTO TABLE IT_PC21S.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM PC21S
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_PC21S2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_PC21S INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_PC21S2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_PC21S ASSIGNING <PC21S>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<PC21S>-RVNUM = 1.
<PC21S>-SAKEN = 1.
<PC21S>-VTRAE = 1.
<PC21S>-BEGJD = 1.
<PC21S>-BEGDD = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_PC21S INTO WA_PC21S.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_PC21S-ENDDD, sy-vline,
  WA_PC21S-ENTGT, sy-vline,
  WA_PC21S-ABGRD, sy-vline,
  WA_PC21S-BNRAS, sy-vline,
  WA_PC21S-LEER1, sy-vline,
  WA_PC21S-AUSBG, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_PC21S you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_PC21S TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_PC21S INTO WA_PC21S.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_PC21S_STR, 
RVNUM TYPE STRING,
SAKEN TYPE STRING,
VTRAE TYPE STRING,
BEGJD TYPE STRING,
BEGDD TYPE STRING,
ENDDD TYPE STRING,
ENTGT TYPE STRING,
ABGRD TYPE STRING,
BNRAS TYPE STRING,
LEER1 TYPE STRING,
AUSBG TYPE STRING,
STRFS TYPE STRING,
LEER2 TYPE STRING,
RANST TYPE STRING,
MFBTG TYPE STRING,
FILL1 TYPE STRING,
PERNR TYPE STRING,
IDENT TYPE STRING,
NACHN TYPE STRING,
VORNA TYPE STRING,
SVSCH TYPE STRING,
BNRKK TYPE STRING,
ENBJD TYPE STRING,
ENBDD TYPE STRING,
ABKGD TYPE STRING,
LEER3 TYPE STRING,
MON01 TYPE STRING,
MON02 TYPE STRING,
MON03 TYPE STRING,
MON04 TYPE STRING,
MON05 TYPE STRING,
MON06 TYPE STRING,
MON07 TYPE STRING,
MON08 TYPE STRING,
MON09 TYPE STRING,
MON10 TYPE STRING,
MON11 TYPE STRING,
MON12 TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_PC21S_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_PC21S_STR-RVNUM sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-SAKEN sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-VTRAE sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-BEGJD sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-BEGDD sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-ENDDD sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-ENTGT sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-ABGRD sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-BNRAS sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-LEER1 sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-AUSBG sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-STRFS sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-LEER2 sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-RANST sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-MFBTG sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-FILL1 sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-PERNR sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-IDENT sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-NACHN sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-VORNA sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-SVSCH sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-BNRKK sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-ENBJD sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-ENBDD sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-ABKGD sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-LEER3 sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-MON01 sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-MON02 sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-MON03 sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-MON04 sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-MON05 sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-MON06 sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-MON07 sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-MON08 sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-MON09 sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-MON10 sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-MON11 sy-vline 
WA_PC21S_STR-MON12 sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.