ABAP Select data from SAP table PC21I into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP PC21I table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to PC21I. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the PC21I table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_PC21I TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF PC21I,
      WA_PC21I TYPE PC21I,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <PC21I> TYPE PC21I.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_PC21I.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM PC21I
  INTO TABLE IT_PC21I.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM PC21I
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_PC21I2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_PC21I INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_PC21I2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_PC21I ASSIGNING <PC21I>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<PC21I>-RVNUM = 1.
<PC21I>-SAKEN = 1.
<PC21I>-VTRAE = 1.
<PC21I>-ABNRA = 1.
<PC21I>-ABEGJ = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_PC21I INTO WA_PC21I.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_PC21I-ABEGD, sy-vline,
  WA_PC21I-ATTKD, sy-vline,
  WA_PC21I-ASTBR, sy-vline,
  WA_PC21I-AAUSB, sy-vline,
  WA_PC21I-AABGR, sy-vline,
  WA_PC21I-BNRAS, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_PC21I you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_PC21I TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_PC21I INTO WA_PC21I.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_PC21I_STR, 
RVNUM TYPE STRING,
SAKEN TYPE STRING,
VTRAE TYPE STRING,
ABNRA TYPE STRING,
ABEGJ TYPE STRING,
ABEGD TYPE STRING,
ATTKD TYPE STRING,
ASTBR TYPE STRING,
AAUSB TYPE STRING,
AABGR TYPE STRING,
BNRAS TYPE STRING,
BEGJD TYPE STRING,
BEGDD TYPE STRING,
TTKDV TYPE STRING,
STBRF TYPE STRING,
AUSBG TYPE STRING,
ABGRD TYPE STRING,
PERNR TYPE STRING,
IDENT TYPE STRING,
NACHN TYPE STRING,
VORNA TYPE STRING,
BNRKK TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_PC21I_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_PC21I_STR-RVNUM sy-vline 
WA_PC21I_STR-SAKEN sy-vline 
WA_PC21I_STR-VTRAE sy-vline 
WA_PC21I_STR-ABNRA sy-vline 
WA_PC21I_STR-ABEGJ sy-vline 
WA_PC21I_STR-ABEGD sy-vline 
WA_PC21I_STR-ATTKD sy-vline 
WA_PC21I_STR-ASTBR sy-vline 
WA_PC21I_STR-AAUSB sy-vline 
WA_PC21I_STR-AABGR sy-vline 
WA_PC21I_STR-BNRAS sy-vline 
WA_PC21I_STR-BEGJD sy-vline 
WA_PC21I_STR-BEGDD sy-vline 
WA_PC21I_STR-TTKDV sy-vline 
WA_PC21I_STR-STBRF sy-vline 
WA_PC21I_STR-AUSBG sy-vline 
WA_PC21I_STR-ABGRD sy-vline 
WA_PC21I_STR-PERNR sy-vline 
WA_PC21I_STR-IDENT sy-vline 
WA_PC21I_STR-NACHN sy-vline 
WA_PC21I_STR-VORNA sy-vline 
WA_PC21I_STR-BNRKK sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.