ABAP Select data from SAP table PBTEXT into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP PBTEXT table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to PBTEXT. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the PBTEXT table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_PBTEXT TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF PBTEXT,
      WA_PBTEXT TYPE PBTEXT,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <PBTEXT> TYPE PBTEXT.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_PBTEXT.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM PBTEXT
  INTO TABLE IT_PBTEXT.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM PBTEXT
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_PBTEXT2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_PBTEXT INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_PBTEXT2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_PBTEXT ASSIGNING <PBTEXT>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<PBTEXT>-PBTEXT1 = 1.
<PBTEXT>-PBTEXT2 = 1.
<PBTEXT>-PBTEXT3 = 1.
<PBTEXT>-PBTEXT4 = 1.
<PBTEXT>-PBTEXT5 = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_PBTEXT INTO WA_PBTEXT.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_PBTEXT-PBTEXT6, sy-vline,
  WA_PBTEXT-PBTEXT7, sy-vline,
  WA_PBTEXT-PBTEXT8, sy-vline,
  WA_PBTEXT-PBTEXT9, sy-vline,
  WA_PBTEXT-PBTEXT10, sy-vline,
  WA_PBTEXT-PBTEXT11, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_PBTEXT you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_PBTEXT TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_PBTEXT INTO WA_PBTEXT.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_PBTEXT_STR, 
PBTEXT1 TYPE STRING,
PBTEXT2 TYPE STRING,
PBTEXT3 TYPE STRING,
PBTEXT4 TYPE STRING,
PBTEXT5 TYPE STRING,
PBTEXT6 TYPE STRING,
PBTEXT7 TYPE STRING,
PBTEXT8 TYPE STRING,
PBTEXT9 TYPE STRING,
PBTEXT10 TYPE STRING,
PBTEXT11 TYPE STRING,
PBTEXT12 TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_PBTEXT_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_PBTEXT_STR-PBTEXT1 sy-vline 
WA_PBTEXT_STR-PBTEXT2 sy-vline 
WA_PBTEXT_STR-PBTEXT3 sy-vline 
WA_PBTEXT_STR-PBTEXT4 sy-vline 
WA_PBTEXT_STR-PBTEXT5 sy-vline 
WA_PBTEXT_STR-PBTEXT6 sy-vline 
WA_PBTEXT_STR-PBTEXT7 sy-vline 
WA_PBTEXT_STR-PBTEXT8 sy-vline 
WA_PBTEXT_STR-PBTEXT9 sy-vline 
WA_PBTEXT_STR-PBTEXT10 sy-vline 
WA_PBTEXT_STR-PBTEXT11 sy-vline 
WA_PBTEXT_STR-PBTEXT12 sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.