ABAP Select data from SAP table P3251 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP P3251 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to P3251. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the P3251 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_P3251 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF P3251,
      WA_P3251 TYPE P3251,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <P3251> TYPE P3251.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_P3251.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM P3251
  INTO TABLE IT_P3251.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM P3251
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_P32512).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_P3251 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_P32512).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_P3251 ASSIGNING <P3251>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<P3251>-PERNR = 1.
<P3251>-INFTY = 1.
<P3251>-SUBTY = 1.
<P3251>-OBJPS = 1.
<P3251>-SPRPS = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_P3251 INTO WA_P3251.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_P3251-ENDDA, sy-vline,
  WA_P3251-BEGDA, sy-vline,
  WA_P3251-SEQNR, sy-vline,
  WA_P3251-AEDTM, sy-vline,
  WA_P3251-UNAME, sy-vline,
  WA_P3251-HISTO, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_P3251 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_P3251 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_P3251 INTO WA_P3251.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_P3251_STR, 
PERNR TYPE STRING,
INFTY TYPE STRING,
SUBTY TYPE STRING,
OBJPS TYPE STRING,
SPRPS TYPE STRING,
ENDDA TYPE STRING,
BEGDA TYPE STRING,
SEQNR TYPE STRING,
AEDTM TYPE STRING,
UNAME TYPE STRING,
HISTO TYPE STRING,
ITXEX TYPE STRING,
REFEX TYPE STRING,
ORDEX TYPE STRING,
ITBLD TYPE STRING,
PREAS TYPE STRING,
FLAG1 TYPE STRING,
FLAG2 TYPE STRING,
FLAG3 TYPE STRING,
FLAG4 TYPE STRING,
RESE1 TYPE STRING,
RESE2 TYPE STRING,
GRPVL TYPE STRING,
AESIS TYPE STRING,
AESIP TYPE STRING,
AESIX TYPE STRING,
AESIF TYPE STRING,
AESPF TYPE STRING,
AEPPS TYPE STRING,
AEPPM TYPE STRING,
AEPPA TYPE STRING,
SINUM TYPE STRING,
WAERS TYPE STRING,
FINUM TYPE STRING,
REMRK TYPE STRING,
NOAGE TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_P3251_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_P3251_STR-PERNR sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-INFTY sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-SUBTY sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-OBJPS sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-SPRPS sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-ENDDA sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-BEGDA sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-SEQNR sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-AEDTM sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-UNAME sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-HISTO sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-ITXEX sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-REFEX sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-ORDEX sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-ITBLD sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-PREAS sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-FLAG1 sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-FLAG2 sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-FLAG3 sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-FLAG4 sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-RESE1 sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-RESE2 sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-GRPVL sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-AESIS sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-AESIP sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-AESIX sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-AESIF sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-AESPF sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-AEPPS sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-AEPPM sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-AEPPA sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-SINUM sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-WAERS sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-FINUM sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-REMRK sy-vline 
WA_P3251_STR-NOAGE sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.