ABAP Select data from SAP table P21G1 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP P21G1 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to P21G1. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the P21G1 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_P21G1 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF P21G1,
      WA_P21G1 TYPE P21G1,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <P21G1> TYPE P21G1.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_P21G1.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM P21G1
  INTO TABLE IT_P21G1.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM P21G1
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_P21G12).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_P21G1 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_P21G12).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_P21G1 ASSIGNING <P21G1>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<P21G1>-V0TYP = 1.
<P21G1>-V0ZNR = 1.
<P21G1>-OBJPS = 1.
<P21G1>-FANAM = 1.
<P21G1>-FAVOR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_P21G1 INTO WA_P21G1.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_P21G1-FASEX, sy-vline,
  WA_P21G1-FGBDT, sy-vline,
  WA_P21G1-SVNUM, sy-vline,
  WA_P21G1-SVKNR, sy-vline,
  WA_P21G1-ADOKD, sy-vline,
  WA_P21G1-STAT7, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_P21G1 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_P21G1 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_P21G1 INTO WA_P21G1.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit PDATE, internal->external for field FGBDT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_PDATE_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_P21G1-FGBDT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_P21G1-FGBDT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_P21G1_STR, 
V0TYP TYPE STRING,
V0ZNR TYPE STRING,
OBJPS TYPE STRING,
FANAM TYPE STRING,
FAVOR TYPE STRING,
FASEX TYPE STRING,
FGBDT TYPE STRING,
SVNUM TYPE STRING,
SVKNR TYPE STRING,
ADOKD TYPE STRING,
STAT7 TYPE STRING,
ANYNA TYPE STRING,
ANYVO TYPE STRING,
ESMNY TYPE STRING,
DATM1 TYPE STRING,
ESMN1 TYPE STRING,
DATM2 TYPE STRING,
DATM3 TYPE STRING,
NY3MH TYPE STRING,
ALLPT TYPE STRING,
DATM4 TYPE STRING,
IGENC TYPE STRING,
KORCS TYPE STRING,
GYSOR TYPE STRING,
CSPMH TYPE STRING,
ALAPK TYPE STRING,
EGYAK TYPE STRING,
ATHAK TYPE STRING,
ATHEK TYPE STRING,
ANYKE TYPE STRING,
APAKE TYPE STRING,
MARAK TYPE STRING,
MAREK TYPE STRING,
CSKJC TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_P21G1_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_P21G1_STR-V0TYP sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-V0ZNR sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-OBJPS sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-FANAM sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-FAVOR sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-FASEX sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-FGBDT sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-SVNUM sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-SVKNR sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-ADOKD sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-STAT7 sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-ANYNA sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-ANYVO sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-ESMNY sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-DATM1 sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-ESMN1 sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-DATM2 sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-DATM3 sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-NY3MH sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-ALLPT sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-DATM4 sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-IGENC sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-KORCS sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-GYSOR sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-CSPMH sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-ALAPK sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-EGYAK sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-ATHAK sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-ATHEK sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-ANYKE sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-APAKE sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-MARAK sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-MAREK sy-vline 
WA_P21G1_STR-CSKJC sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.