ABAP Select data from SAP table P21_S_SPN into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP P21_S_SPN table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to P21_S_SPN. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the P21_S_SPN table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_P21_S_SPN TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF P21_S_SPN,
      WA_P21_S_SPN TYPE P21_S_SPN,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <P21_S_SPN> TYPE P21_S_SPN.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_P21_S_SPN.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM P21_S_SPN
  INTO TABLE IT_P21_S_SPN.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM P21_S_SPN
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_P21_S_SPN2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_P21_S_SPN INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_P21_S_SPN2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_P21_S_SPN ASSIGNING <P21_S_SPN>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<P21_S_SPN>-TP = 1.
<P21_S_SPN>-KTP = 1.
<P21_S_SPN>-PTP = 1.
<P21_S_SPN>-GYAP = 1.
<P21_S_SPN>-TP6 = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_P21_S_SPN INTO WA_P21_S_SPN.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_P21_S_SPN-BTP, sy-vline,
  WA_P21_S_SPN-CSED, sy-vline,
  WA_P21_S_SPN-OFD, sy-vline,
  WA_P21_S_SPN-GYED, sy-vline,
  WA_P21_S_SPN-TPHJ, sy-vline,
  WA_P21_S_SPN-JOVP, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_P21_S_SPN you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_P21_S_SPN TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_P21_S_SPN INTO WA_P21_S_SPN.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_P21_S_SPN_STR, 
TP TYPE STRING,
KTP TYPE STRING,
PTP TYPE STRING,
GYAP TYPE STRING,
TP6 TYPE STRING,
BTP TYPE STRING,
CSED TYPE STRING,
OFD TYPE STRING,
GYED TYPE STRING,
TPHJ TYPE STRING,
JOVP TYPE STRING,
LEV TYPE STRING,
JNTP TYPE STRING,
JNBTP TYPE STRING,
JNCSED TYPE STRING,
JNOFD TYPE STRING,
JNGYED TYPE STRING,
WAERS TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_P21_S_SPN_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_P21_S_SPN_STR-TP sy-vline 
WA_P21_S_SPN_STR-KTP sy-vline 
WA_P21_S_SPN_STR-PTP sy-vline 
WA_P21_S_SPN_STR-GYAP sy-vline 
WA_P21_S_SPN_STR-TP6 sy-vline 
WA_P21_S_SPN_STR-BTP sy-vline 
WA_P21_S_SPN_STR-CSED sy-vline 
WA_P21_S_SPN_STR-OFD sy-vline 
WA_P21_S_SPN_STR-GYED sy-vline 
WA_P21_S_SPN_STR-TPHJ sy-vline 
WA_P21_S_SPN_STR-JOVP sy-vline 
WA_P21_S_SPN_STR-LEV sy-vline 
WA_P21_S_SPN_STR-JNTP sy-vline 
WA_P21_S_SPN_STR-JNBTP sy-vline 
WA_P21_S_SPN_STR-JNCSED sy-vline 
WA_P21_S_SPN_STR-JNOFD sy-vline 
WA_P21_S_SPN_STR-JNGYED sy-vline 
WA_P21_S_SPN_STR-WAERS sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.