ABAP Select data from SAP table P20_ERCONS into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP P20_ERCONS table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to P20_ERCONS. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the P20_ERCONS table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_P20_ERCONS TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF P20_ERCONS,
      WA_P20_ERCONS TYPE P20_ERCONS,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <P20_ERCONS> TYPE P20_ERCONS.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_P20_ERCONS.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM P20_ERCONS
  INTO TABLE IT_P20_ERCONS.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM P20_ERCONS
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_P20_ERCONS2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_P20_ERCONS INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_P20_ERCONS2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_P20_ERCONS ASSIGNING <P20_ERCONS>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<P20_ERCONS>-SONE1 = 1.
<P20_ERCONS>-SON1A = 1.
<P20_ERCONS>-SONE2 = 1.
<P20_ERCONS>-SONE3 = 1.
<P20_ERCONS>-SONE4 = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_P20_ERCONS INTO WA_P20_ERCONS.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_P20_ERCONS-SON4A, sy-vline,
  WA_P20_ERCONS-SONE5, sy-vline,
  WA_P20_ERCONS-ERCON, sy-vline,
  WA_P20_ERCONS-AGRBE, sy-vline,
  WA_P20_ERCONS-RGX16, sy-vline,
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_P20_ERCONS you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_P20_ERCONS TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_P20_ERCONS INTO WA_P20_ERCONS.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_P20_ERCONS_STR, 
SONE1 TYPE STRING,
SON1A TYPE STRING,
SONE2 TYPE STRING,
SONE3 TYPE STRING,
SONE4 TYPE STRING,
SON4A TYPE STRING,
SONE5 TYPE STRING,
ERCON TYPE STRING,
AGRBE TYPE STRING,
RGX16 TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_P20_ERCONS_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_P20_ERCONS_STR-SONE1 sy-vline 
WA_P20_ERCONS_STR-SON1A sy-vline 
WA_P20_ERCONS_STR-SONE2 sy-vline 
WA_P20_ERCONS_STR-SONE3 sy-vline 
WA_P20_ERCONS_STR-SONE4 sy-vline 
WA_P20_ERCONS_STR-SON4A sy-vline 
WA_P20_ERCONS_STR-SONE5 sy-vline 
WA_P20_ERCONS_STR-ERCON sy-vline 
WA_P20_ERCONS_STR-AGRBE sy-vline 
WA_P20_ERCONS_STR-RGX16 sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.