ABAP Select data from SAP table P20_ABSENCE into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP P20_ABSENCE table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to P20_ABSENCE. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the P20_ABSENCE table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_P20_ABSENCE TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF P20_ABSENCE,
      WA_P20_ABSENCE TYPE P20_ABSENCE,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <P20_ABSENCE> TYPE P20_ABSENCE.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_P20_ABSENCE.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM P20_ABSENCE
  INTO TABLE IT_P20_ABSENCE.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM P20_ABSENCE
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_P20_ABSENCE2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_P20_ABSENCE INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_P20_ABSENCE2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_P20_ABSENCE ASSIGNING <P20_ABSENCE>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<P20_ABSENCE>-PERNR = 1.
<P20_ABSENCE>-INFTY = 1.
<P20_ABSENCE>-SUBTY = 1.
<P20_ABSENCE>-OBJPS = 1.
<P20_ABSENCE>-SPRPS = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_P20_ABSENCE INTO WA_P20_ABSENCE.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_P20_ABSENCE-ENDDA, sy-vline,
  WA_P20_ABSENCE-BEGDA, sy-vline,
  WA_P20_ABSENCE-SEQNR, sy-vline,
  WA_P20_ABSENCE-AEDTM, sy-vline,
  WA_P20_ABSENCE-UNAME, sy-vline,
  WA_P20_ABSENCE-HISTO, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_P20_ABSENCE you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_P20_ABSENCE TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_P20_ABSENCE INTO WA_P20_ABSENCE.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field BEGVA
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_P20_ABSENCE-BEGVA
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_P20_ABSENCE-BEGVA.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LOGSYS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_P20_ABSENCE-LOGSYS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_P20_ABSENCE-LOGSYS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field AWREF
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_P20_ABSENCE-AWREF
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_P20_ABSENCE-AWREF.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field DOCSY
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_P20_ABSENCE-DOCSY
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_P20_ABSENCE-DOCSY.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit TDTYP, internal->external for field TDTYPE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_TDTYP_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_P20_ABSENCE-TDTYPE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_P20_ABSENCE-TDTYPE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_P20_ABSENCE_STR, 
PERNR TYPE STRING,
INFTY TYPE STRING,
SUBTY TYPE STRING,
OBJPS TYPE STRING,
SPRPS TYPE STRING,
ENDDA TYPE STRING,
BEGDA TYPE STRING,
SEQNR TYPE STRING,
AEDTM TYPE STRING,
UNAME TYPE STRING,
HISTO TYPE STRING,
ITXEX TYPE STRING,
REFEX TYPE STRING,
ORDEX TYPE STRING,
ITBLD TYPE STRING,
PREAS TYPE STRING,
FLAG1 TYPE STRING,
FLAG2 TYPE STRING,
FLAG3 TYPE STRING,
FLAG4 TYPE STRING,
RESE1 TYPE STRING,
RESE2 TYPE STRING,
GRPVL TYPE STRING,
BEGUZ TYPE STRING,
ENDUZ TYPE STRING,
VTKEN TYPE STRING,
AWART TYPE STRING,
ABWTG TYPE STRING,
STDAZ TYPE STRING,
ABRTG TYPE STRING,
ABRST TYPE STRING,
ANRTG TYPE STRING,
LFZED TYPE STRING,
KRGED TYPE STRING,
KBBEG TYPE STRING,
RMDDA TYPE STRING,
KENN1 TYPE STRING,
KENN2 TYPE STRING,
KALTG TYPE STRING,
URMAN TYPE STRING,
BEGVA TYPE STRING,
BWGRL TYPE STRING,
AUFKZ TYPE STRING,
TRFGR TYPE STRING,
TRFST TYPE STRING,
PRAKN TYPE STRING,
PRAKZ TYPE STRING,
OTYPE TYPE STRING,
PLANS TYPE STRING,
MLDDA TYPE STRING,
MLDUZ TYPE STRING,
RMDUZ TYPE STRING,
VORGS TYPE STRING,
UMSKD TYPE STRING,
UMSCH TYPE STRING,
REFNR TYPE STRING,
UNFAL TYPE STRING,
STKRV TYPE STRING,
STUND TYPE STRING,
PSARB TYPE STRING,
AINFT TYPE STRING,
GENER TYPE STRING,
HRSIF TYPE STRING,
ALLDF TYPE STRING,
WAERS TYPE STRING,
LOGSYS TYPE STRING,
AWTYP TYPE STRING,
AWREF TYPE STRING,
AWORG TYPE STRING,
DOCSY TYPE STRING,
DOCNR TYPE STRING,
PAYTY TYPE STRING,
PAYID TYPE STRING,
BONDT TYPE STRING,
OCRSN TYPE STRING,
SPPE1 TYPE STRING,
SPPE2 TYPE STRING,
SPPE3 TYPE STRING,
SPPIN TYPE STRING,
ZKMKT TYPE STRING,
FAPRS TYPE STRING,
TDLANGU TYPE STRING,
TDSUBLA TYPE STRING,
TDTYPE TYPE STRING,
NXDFL TYPE STRING,
ABSGR TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-PERNR sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-INFTY sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-SUBTY sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-OBJPS sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-SPRPS sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-ENDDA sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-BEGDA sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-SEQNR sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-AEDTM sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-UNAME sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-HISTO sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-ITXEX sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-REFEX sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-ORDEX sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-ITBLD sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-PREAS sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-FLAG1 sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-FLAG2 sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-FLAG3 sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-FLAG4 sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-RESE1 sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-RESE2 sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-GRPVL sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-BEGUZ sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-ENDUZ sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-VTKEN sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-AWART sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-ABWTG sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-STDAZ sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-ABRTG sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-ABRST sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-ANRTG sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-LFZED sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-KRGED sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-KBBEG sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-RMDDA sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-KENN1 sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-KENN2 sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-KALTG sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-URMAN sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-BEGVA sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-BWGRL sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-AUFKZ sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-TRFGR sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-TRFST sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-PRAKN sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-PRAKZ sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-OTYPE sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-PLANS sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-MLDDA sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-MLDUZ sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-RMDUZ sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-VORGS sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-UMSKD sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-UMSCH sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-REFNR sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-UNFAL sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-STKRV sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-STUND sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-PSARB sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-AINFT sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-GENER sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-HRSIF sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-ALLDF sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-WAERS sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-LOGSYS sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-AWTYP sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-AWREF sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-AWORG sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-DOCSY sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-DOCNR sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-PAYTY sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-PAYID sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-BONDT sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-OCRSN sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-SPPE1 sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-SPPE2 sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-SPPE3 sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-SPPIN sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-ZKMKT sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-FAPRS sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-TDLANGU sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-TDSUBLA sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-TDTYPE sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-NXDFL sy-vline 
WA_P20_ABSENCE_STR-ABSGR sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.