ABAP Select data from SAP table P1986 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP P1986 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to P1986. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the P1986 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_P1986 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF P1986,
      WA_P1986 TYPE P1986,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <P1986> TYPE P1986.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_P1986.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM P1986
  INTO TABLE IT_P1986.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM P1986
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_P19862).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_P1986 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_P19862).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_P1986 ASSIGNING <P1986>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<P1986>-MANDT = 1.
<P1986>-PLVAR = 1.
<P1986>-OTYPE = 1.
<P1986>-OBJID = 1.
<P1986>-INFTY = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_P1986 INTO WA_P1986.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_P1986-SUBTY, sy-vline,
  WA_P1986-ISTAT, sy-vline,
  WA_P1986-PRIOX, sy-vline,
  WA_P1986-BEGDA, sy-vline,
  WA_P1986-ENDDA, sy-vline,
  WA_P1986-VARYF, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_P1986 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_P1986 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_P1986 INTO WA_P1986.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_P1986_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
PLVAR TYPE STRING,
OTYPE TYPE STRING,
OBJID TYPE STRING,
INFTY TYPE STRING,
SUBTY TYPE STRING,
ISTAT TYPE STRING,
PRIOX TYPE STRING,
BEGDA TYPE STRING,
ENDDA TYPE STRING,
VARYF TYPE STRING,
SEQNR TYPE STRING,
AEDTM TYPE STRING,
UNAME TYPE STRING,
REASN TYPE STRING,
HISTO TYPE STRING,
ITXNR TYPE STRING,
STRINF_ID TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_P1986_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_P1986_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_P1986_STR-PLVAR sy-vline 
WA_P1986_STR-OTYPE sy-vline 
WA_P1986_STR-OBJID sy-vline 
WA_P1986_STR-INFTY sy-vline 
WA_P1986_STR-SUBTY sy-vline 
WA_P1986_STR-ISTAT sy-vline 
WA_P1986_STR-PRIOX sy-vline 
WA_P1986_STR-BEGDA sy-vline 
WA_P1986_STR-ENDDA sy-vline 
WA_P1986_STR-VARYF sy-vline 
WA_P1986_STR-SEQNR sy-vline 
WA_P1986_STR-AEDTM sy-vline 
WA_P1986_STR-UNAME sy-vline 
WA_P1986_STR-REASN sy-vline 
WA_P1986_STR-HISTO sy-vline 
WA_P1986_STR-ITXNR sy-vline 
WA_P1986_STR-STRINF_ID sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.