ABAP Select data from SAP table P0491 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP P0491 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to P0491. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the P0491 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_P0491 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF P0491,
      WA_P0491 TYPE P0491,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <P0491> TYPE P0491.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_P0491.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM P0491
  INTO TABLE IT_P0491.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM P0491
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_P04912).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_P0491 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_P04912).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_P0491 ASSIGNING <P0491>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<P0491>-PERNR = 1.
<P0491>-INFTY = 1.
<P0491>-SUBTY = 1.
<P0491>-OBJPS = 1.
<P0491>-SPRPS = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_P0491 INTO WA_P0491.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_P0491-ENDDA, sy-vline,
  WA_P0491-BEGDA, sy-vline,
  WA_P0491-SEQNR, sy-vline,
  WA_P0491-AEDTM, sy-vline,
  WA_P0491-UNAME, sy-vline,
  WA_P0491-HISTO, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_P0491 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_P0491 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_P0491 INTO WA_P0491.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_P0491_STR, 
PERNR TYPE STRING,
INFTY TYPE STRING,
SUBTY TYPE STRING,
OBJPS TYPE STRING,
SPRPS TYPE STRING,
ENDDA TYPE STRING,
BEGDA TYPE STRING,
SEQNR TYPE STRING,
AEDTM TYPE STRING,
UNAME TYPE STRING,
HISTO TYPE STRING,
ITXEX TYPE STRING,
REFEX TYPE STRING,
ORDEX TYPE STRING,
ITBLD TYPE STRING,
PREAS TYPE STRING,
FLAG1 TYPE STRING,
FLAG2 TYPE STRING,
FLAG3 TYPE STRING,
FLAG4 TYPE STRING,
RESE1 TYPE STRING,
RESE2 TYPE STRING,
GRPVL TYPE STRING,
OTF01 TYPE STRING,
OTV01 TYPE STRING,
OTF02 TYPE STRING,
OTV02 TYPE STRING,
OTF03 TYPE STRING,
OTV03 TYPE STRING,
OTF04 TYPE STRING,
OTV04 TYPE STRING,
OTF05 TYPE STRING,
OTV05 TYPE STRING,
OTF06 TYPE STRING,
OTV06 TYPE STRING,
OTF07 TYPE STRING,
OTV07 TYPE STRING,
OTF08 TYPE STRING,
OTV08 TYPE STRING,
OTF09 TYPE STRING,
OTV09 TYPE STRING,
OTF10 TYPE STRING,
OTV10 TYPE STRING,
OTF11 TYPE STRING,
OTV11 TYPE STRING,
OTF12 TYPE STRING,
OTV12 TYPE STRING,
REFID TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_P0491_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_P0491_STR-PERNR sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-INFTY sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-SUBTY sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-OBJPS sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-SPRPS sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-ENDDA sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-BEGDA sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-SEQNR sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-AEDTM sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-UNAME sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-HISTO sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-ITXEX sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-REFEX sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-ORDEX sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-ITBLD sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-PREAS sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-FLAG1 sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-FLAG2 sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-FLAG3 sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-FLAG4 sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-RESE1 sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-RESE2 sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-GRPVL sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-OTF01 sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-OTV01 sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-OTF02 sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-OTV02 sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-OTF03 sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-OTV03 sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-OTF04 sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-OTV04 sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-OTF05 sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-OTV05 sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-OTF06 sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-OTV06 sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-OTF07 sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-OTV07 sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-OTF08 sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-OTV08 sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-OTF09 sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-OTV09 sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-OTF10 sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-OTV10 sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-OTF11 sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-OTV11 sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-OTF12 sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-OTV12 sy-vline 
WA_P0491_STR-REFID sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.