ABAP Select data from SAP table P0051 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP P0051 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to P0051. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the P0051 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_P0051 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF P0051,
      WA_P0051 TYPE P0051,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <P0051> TYPE P0051.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_P0051.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM P0051
  INTO TABLE IT_P0051.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM P0051
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_P00512).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_P0051 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_P00512).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_P0051 ASSIGNING <P0051>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<P0051>-PERNR = 1.
<P0051>-INFTY = 1.
<P0051>-SUBTY = 1.
<P0051>-OBJPS = 1.
<P0051>-SPRPS = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_P0051 INTO WA_P0051.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_P0051-ENDDA, sy-vline,
  WA_P0051-BEGDA, sy-vline,
  WA_P0051-SEQNR, sy-vline,
  WA_P0051-AEDTM, sy-vline,
  WA_P0051-UNAME, sy-vline,
  WA_P0051-HISTO, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_P0051 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_P0051 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_P0051 INTO WA_P0051.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_P0051_STR, 
PERNR TYPE STRING,
INFTY TYPE STRING,
SUBTY TYPE STRING,
OBJPS TYPE STRING,
SPRPS TYPE STRING,
ENDDA TYPE STRING,
BEGDA TYPE STRING,
SEQNR TYPE STRING,
AEDTM TYPE STRING,
UNAME TYPE STRING,
HISTO TYPE STRING,
ITXEX TYPE STRING,
REFEX TYPE STRING,
ORDEX TYPE STRING,
ITBLD TYPE STRING,
PREAS TYPE STRING,
FLAG1 TYPE STRING,
FLAG2 TYPE STRING,
FLAG3 TYPE STRING,
FLAG4 TYPE STRING,
RESE1 TYPE STRING,
RESE2 TYPE STRING,
GRPVL TYPE STRING,
VBLPF TYPE STRING,
PFBIS TYPE STRING,
BEINB TYPE STRING,
PAUST TYPE STRING,
VBLNR TYPE STRING,
TTART TYPE STRING,
VVZVE TYPE STRING,
ARGZU TYPE STRING,
BEZVE TYPE STRING,
ZWVER TYPE STRING,
AGRND TYPE STRING,
SWTBE TYPE STRING,
WIEDE TYPE STRING,
ZVSOD TYPE STRING,
ZVEID TYPE STRING,
UMLAN TYPE STRING,
FAMST TYPE STRING,
ANSKG TYPE STRING,
ZSUML TYPE STRING,
VTMOD TYPE STRING,
KZ_ALTBESTAND TYPE STRING,
ANZKE TYPE STRING,
WERKS_SUM TYPE STRING,
BTRTL_SUM TYPE STRING,
VAKEY TYPE STRING,
VERNR TYPE STRING,
ABMGR TYPE STRING,
NONOT TYPE STRING,
STMOD TYPE STRING,
NFP100 TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_P0051_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_P0051_STR-PERNR sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-INFTY sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-SUBTY sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-OBJPS sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-SPRPS sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-ENDDA sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-BEGDA sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-SEQNR sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-AEDTM sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-UNAME sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-HISTO sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-ITXEX sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-REFEX sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-ORDEX sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-ITBLD sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-PREAS sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-FLAG1 sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-FLAG2 sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-FLAG3 sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-FLAG4 sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-RESE1 sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-RESE2 sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-GRPVL sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-VBLPF sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-PFBIS sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-BEINB sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-PAUST sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-VBLNR sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-TTART sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-VVZVE sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-ARGZU sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-BEZVE sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-ZWVER sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-AGRND sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-SWTBE sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-WIEDE sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-ZVSOD sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-ZVEID sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-UMLAN sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-FAMST sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-ANSKG sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-ZSUML sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-VTMOD sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-KZ_ALTBESTAND sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-ANZKE sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-WERKS_SUM sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-BTRTL_SUM sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-VAKEY sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-VERNR sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-ABMGR sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-NONOT sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-STMOD sy-vline 
WA_P0051_STR-NFP100 sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.