ABAP Select data from SAP table NTAB_CMP into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP NTAB_CMP table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to NTAB_CMP. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the NTAB_CMP table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_NTAB_CMP TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF NTAB_CMP,
      WA_NTAB_CMP TYPE NTAB_CMP,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <NTAB_CMP> TYPE NTAB_CMP.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_NTAB_CMP.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM NTAB_CMP
  INTO TABLE IT_NTAB_CMP.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM NTAB_CMP
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_NTAB_CMP2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_NTAB_CMP INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_NTAB_CMP2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_NTAB_CMP ASSIGNING <NTAB_CMP>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<NTAB_CMP>-VIEWNAME = 1.
<NTAB_CMP>-VARIANT = 1.
<NTAB_CMP>-FIELDNAME = 1.
<NTAB_CMP>-TXTFIELD = 1.
<NTAB_CMP>-FOFFSET = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_NTAB_CMP INTO WA_NTAB_CMP.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_NTAB_CMP-INTLEN, sy-vline,
  WA_NTAB_CMP-DECIMALS, sy-vline,
  WA_NTAB_CMP-SIGN, sy-vline,
  WA_NTAB_CMP-INTTYPE, sy-vline,
  WA_NTAB_CMP-DATATYPE, sy-vline,
  WA_NTAB_CMP-DOMNAME, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_NTAB_CMP you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_NTAB_CMP TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_NTAB_CMP INTO WA_NTAB_CMP.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit DTYPE, internal->external for field DATATYPE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_DTYPE_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_NTAB_CMP-DATATYPE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_NTAB_CMP-DATATYPE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ISOLA, internal->external for field LANGU
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ISOLA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_NTAB_CMP-LANGU
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_NTAB_CMP-LANGU.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_NTAB_CMP_STR, 
VIEWNAME TYPE STRING,
VARIANT TYPE STRING,
FIELDNAME TYPE STRING,
TXTFIELD TYPE STRING,
FOFFSET TYPE STRING,
INTLEN TYPE STRING,
DECIMALS TYPE STRING,
SIGN TYPE STRING,
INTTYPE TYPE STRING,
DATATYPE TYPE STRING,
DOMNAME TYPE STRING,
ROLLNAME TYPE STRING,
KEYFLAG TYPE STRING,
PRTFRKYFLD TYPE STRING,
CLI_FIELD TYPE STRING,
CHECKTABLE TYPE STRING,
REFTABLE TYPE STRING,
REFFIELD TYPE STRING,
READONLY TYPE STRING,
FLAG TYPE STRING,
LANGU TYPE STRING,
OUTPUTLEN TYPE STRING,
CONVEXIT TYPE STRING,
FIELDTEXT TYPE STRING,
REPTEXT TYPE STRING,
SCRTEXT_S TYPE STRING,
SCRTEXT_M TYPE STRING,
SCRTEXT_L TYPE STRING,
TEXT TYPE STRING,
WIDTH TYPE STRING,
WIDTH_CUST TYPE STRING,
NT_INDEX TYPE STRING,
CMP_FLAG TYPE STRING,
COMPARE TYPE STRING,
ADJUST TYPE STRING,
VISIBLE TYPE STRING,
FIELD_POS TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_NTAB_CMP_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-VIEWNAME sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-VARIANT sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-FIELDNAME sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-TXTFIELD sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-FOFFSET sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-INTLEN sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-DECIMALS sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-SIGN sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-INTTYPE sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-DATATYPE sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-DOMNAME sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-ROLLNAME sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-KEYFLAG sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-PRTFRKYFLD sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-CLI_FIELD sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-CHECKTABLE sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-REFTABLE sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-REFFIELD sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-READONLY sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-FLAG sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-LANGU sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-OUTPUTLEN sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-CONVEXIT sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-FIELDTEXT sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-REPTEXT sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-SCRTEXT_S sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-SCRTEXT_M sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-SCRTEXT_L sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-TEXT sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-WIDTH sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-WIDTH_CUST sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-NT_INDEX sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-CMP_FLAG sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-COMPARE sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-ADJUST sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-VISIBLE sy-vline 
WA_NTAB_CMP_STR-FIELD_POS sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.