ABAP Select data from SAP table NALIV7A into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP NALIV7A table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to NALIV7A. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the NALIV7A table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_NALIV7A TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF NALIV7A,
      WA_NALIV7A TYPE NALIV7A,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <NALIV7A> TYPE NALIV7A.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_NALIV7A.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM NALIV7A
  INTO TABLE IT_NALIV7A.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM NALIV7A
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_NALIV7A2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_NALIV7A INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_NALIV7A2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_NALIV7A ASSIGNING <NALIV7A>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<NALIV7A>-TABIX = 1.
<NALIV7A>-COLOR = 1.
<NALIV7A>-SELFL = 1.
<NALIV7A>-TKNUM = 1.
<NALIV7A>-KSCHL = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_NALIV7A INTO WA_NALIV7A.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_NALIV7A-MSGNA, sy-vline,
  WA_NALIV7A-NACHA, sy-vline,
  WA_NALIV7A-PARTX, sy-vline,
  WA_NALIV7A-PARVW, sy-vline,
  WA_NALIV7A-PNAME, sy-vline,
  WA_NALIV7A-PCITY, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_NALIV7A you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_NALIV7A TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_NALIV7A INTO WA_NALIV7A.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field TKNUM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_NALIV7A-TKNUM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_NALIV7A-TKNUM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit SPDEV, internal->external for field LDEST
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_SPDEV_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_NALIV7A-LDEST
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_NALIV7A-LDEST.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_NALIV7A_STR, 
TABIX TYPE STRING,
COLOR TYPE STRING,
SELFL TYPE STRING,
TKNUM TYPE STRING,
KSCHL TYPE STRING,
MSGNA TYPE STRING,
NACHA TYPE STRING,
PARTX TYPE STRING,
PARVW TYPE STRING,
PNAME TYPE STRING,
PCITY TYPE STRING,
PRILO TYPE STRING,
TCODE TYPE STRING,
LDEST TYPE STRING,
SORT1 TYPE STRING,
KAPPL TYPE STRING,
TELFX TYPE STRING,
TELX1 TYPE STRING,
TELTX TYPE STRING,
TLAND TYPE STRING,
ERDAT TYPE STRING,
ERUHR TYPE STRING,
USNAM TYPE STRING,
VSDAT TYPE STRING,
VSURA TYPE STRING,
VSURB TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_NALIV7A_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_NALIV7A_STR-TABIX sy-vline 
WA_NALIV7A_STR-COLOR sy-vline 
WA_NALIV7A_STR-SELFL sy-vline 
WA_NALIV7A_STR-TKNUM sy-vline 
WA_NALIV7A_STR-KSCHL sy-vline 
WA_NALIV7A_STR-MSGNA sy-vline 
WA_NALIV7A_STR-NACHA sy-vline 
WA_NALIV7A_STR-PARTX sy-vline 
WA_NALIV7A_STR-PARVW sy-vline 
WA_NALIV7A_STR-PNAME sy-vline 
WA_NALIV7A_STR-PCITY sy-vline 
WA_NALIV7A_STR-PRILO sy-vline 
WA_NALIV7A_STR-TCODE sy-vline 
WA_NALIV7A_STR-LDEST sy-vline 
WA_NALIV7A_STR-SORT1 sy-vline 
WA_NALIV7A_STR-KAPPL sy-vline 
WA_NALIV7A_STR-TELFX sy-vline 
WA_NALIV7A_STR-TELX1 sy-vline 
WA_NALIV7A_STR-TELTX sy-vline 
WA_NALIV7A_STR-TLAND sy-vline 
WA_NALIV7A_STR-ERDAT sy-vline 
WA_NALIV7A_STR-ERUHR sy-vline 
WA_NALIV7A_STR-USNAM sy-vline 
WA_NALIV7A_STR-VSDAT sy-vline 
WA_NALIV7A_STR-VSURA sy-vline 
WA_NALIV7A_STR-VSURB sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.