ABAP Select data from SAP table MV12A into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP MV12A table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to MV12A. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the MV12A table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_MV12A TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF MV12A,
      WA_MV12A TYPE MV12A,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <MV12A> TYPE MV12A.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_MV12A.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM MV12A
  INTO TABLE IT_MV12A.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM MV12A
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_MV12A2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_MV12A INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_MV12A2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_MV12A ASSIGNING <MV12A>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<MV12A>-KVEWE = 1.
<MV12A>-KVEWE_TEXT = 1.
<MV12A>-KAPPL = 1.
<MV12A>-KAPPL_TEXT = 1.
<MV12A>-KOTABNR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_MV12A INTO WA_MV12A.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_MV12A-KOTAB_TEXT, sy-vline,
  WA_MV12A-SETYP, sy-vline,
  WA_MV12A-SETYP_TEXT, sy-vline,
  WA_MV12A-RF_KOTABNR, sy-vline,
  WA_MV12A-RF_KOTXT, sy-vline,
  WA_MV12A-RF_SETYP, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_MV12A you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_MV12A TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_MV12A INTO WA_MV12A.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit KOTAB, internal->external for field KOTABNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_KOTAB_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MV12A-KOTABNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MV12A-KOTABNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit KOTAB, internal->external for field RF_KOTABNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_KOTAB_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MV12A-RF_KOTABNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MV12A-RF_KOTABNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit KOTAB, internal->external for field AN_KOTABNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_KOTAB_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MV12A-AN_KOTABNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MV12A-AN_KOTABNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit DTYPE, internal->external for field DATATYPE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_DTYPE_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MV12A-DATATYPE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MV12A-DATATYPE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_MV12A_STR, 
KVEWE TYPE STRING,
KVEWE_TEXT TYPE STRING,
KAPPL TYPE STRING,
KAPPL_TEXT TYPE STRING,
KOTABNR TYPE STRING,
KOTAB_TEXT TYPE STRING,
SETYP TYPE STRING,
SETYP_TEXT TYPE STRING,
RF_KOTABNR TYPE STRING,
RF_KOTXT TYPE STRING,
RF_SETYP TYPE STRING,
RF_SETXT TYPE STRING,
AN_KOTABNR TYPE STRING,
AN_KOTXT TYPE STRING,
AN_SETYP TYPE STRING,
AN_SETXT TYPE STRING,
KSDAT TYPE STRING,
KKMOD TYPE STRING,
DATKZ TYPE STRING,
KSCKZ TYPE STRING,
DESCR TYPE STRING,
ZEIFD TYPE STRING,
FSETXT TYPE STRING,
FIELDNAME TYPE STRING,
ROLLNAME TYPE STRING,
DOMNAME TYPE STRING,
LENG TYPE STRING,
DATATYPE TYPE STRING,
PI_KOTXT TYPE STRING,
PI_DESCR TYPE STRING,
PI_SUCH1 TYPE STRING,
TBTYP TYPE STRING,
TXTAR TYPE STRING,
KONKY TYPE STRING,
KFRST TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_MV12A_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_MV12A_STR-KVEWE sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-KVEWE_TEXT sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-KAPPL sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-KAPPL_TEXT sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-KOTABNR sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-KOTAB_TEXT sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-SETYP sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-SETYP_TEXT sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-RF_KOTABNR sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-RF_KOTXT sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-RF_SETYP sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-RF_SETXT sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-AN_KOTABNR sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-AN_KOTXT sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-AN_SETYP sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-AN_SETXT sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-KSDAT sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-KKMOD sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-DATKZ sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-KSCKZ sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-DESCR sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-ZEIFD sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-FSETXT sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-FIELDNAME sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-ROLLNAME sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-DOMNAME sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-LENG sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-DATATYPE sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-PI_KOTXT sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-PI_DESCR sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-PI_SUCH1 sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-TBTYP sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-TXTAR sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-KONKY sy-vline 
WA_MV12A_STR-KFRST sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.