ABAP Select data from SAP table MLCD into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP MLCD table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to MLCD. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the MLCD table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_MLCD TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF MLCD,
      WA_MLCD TYPE MLCD,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <MLCD> TYPE MLCD.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_MLCD.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM MLCD
  INTO TABLE IT_MLCD.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM MLCD
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_MLCD2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_MLCD INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_MLCD2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_MLCD ASSIGNING <MLCD>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<MLCD>-MANDT = 1.
<MLCD>-KALNR = 1.
<MLCD>-BDATJ = 1.
<MLCD>-POPER = 1.
<MLCD>-UNTPER = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_MLCD INTO WA_MLCD.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_MLCD-CATEG, sy-vline,
  WA_MLCD-PTYP, sy-vline,
  WA_MLCD-BVALT, sy-vline,
  WA_MLCD-CURTP, sy-vline,
  WA_MLCD-LBKUM, sy-vline,
  WA_MLCD-MEINS, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_MLCD you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_MLCD TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_MLCD INTO WA_MLCD.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field BDATJ
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MLCD-BDATJ
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MLCD-BDATJ.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MEINS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MLCD-MEINS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MLCD-MEINS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_MLCD_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
KALNR TYPE STRING,
BDATJ TYPE STRING,
POPER TYPE STRING,
UNTPER TYPE STRING,
CATEG TYPE STRING,
PTYP TYPE STRING,
BVALT TYPE STRING,
CURTP TYPE STRING,
LBKUM TYPE STRING,
MEINS TYPE STRING,
SALK3 TYPE STRING,
ESTPRD TYPE STRING,
ESTKDM TYPE STRING,
MSTPRD TYPE STRING,
MSTKDM TYPE STRING,
WAERS TYPE STRING,
TPPRD TYPE STRING,
ESTKDM_ST TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_MLCD_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_MLCD_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_MLCD_STR-KALNR sy-vline 
WA_MLCD_STR-BDATJ sy-vline 
WA_MLCD_STR-POPER sy-vline 
WA_MLCD_STR-UNTPER sy-vline 
WA_MLCD_STR-CATEG sy-vline 
WA_MLCD_STR-PTYP sy-vline 
WA_MLCD_STR-BVALT sy-vline 
WA_MLCD_STR-CURTP sy-vline 
WA_MLCD_STR-LBKUM sy-vline 
WA_MLCD_STR-MEINS sy-vline 
WA_MLCD_STR-SALK3 sy-vline 
WA_MLCD_STR-ESTPRD sy-vline 
WA_MLCD_STR-ESTKDM sy-vline 
WA_MLCD_STR-MSTPRD sy-vline 
WA_MLCD_STR-MSTKDM sy-vline 
WA_MLCD_STR-WAERS sy-vline 
WA_MLCD_STR-TPPRD sy-vline 
WA_MLCD_STR-ESTKDM_ST sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.