ABAP Select data from SAP table MLBE into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP MLBE table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to MLBE. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the MLBE table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_MLBE TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF MLBE,
      WA_MLBE TYPE MLBE,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <MLBE> TYPE MLBE.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_MLBE.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM MLBE
  INTO TABLE IT_MLBE.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM MLBE
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_MLBE2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_MLBE INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_MLBE2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_MLBE ASSIGNING <MLBE>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<MLBE>-MANDT = 1.
<MLBE>-MLVNR = 1.
<MLBE>-VGABE = 1.
<MLBE>-GJAHR = 1.
<MLBE>-BELNR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_MLBE INTO WA_MLBE.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_MLBE-BUZEI, sy-vline,
  WA_MLBE-BEWTP, sy-vline,
  WA_MLBE-BUDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_MLBE-MENGE, sy-vline,
  WA_MLBE-ZEKKN, sy-vline,
  WA_MLBE-KALNR, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_MLBE you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_MLBE TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_MLBE INTO WA_MLBE.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MLBE-GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MLBE-GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BELNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MLBE-BELNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MLBE-BELNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field BDATJ
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MLBE-BDATJ
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MLBE-BDATJ.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KSTAR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MLBE-KSTAR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MLBE-KSTAR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_MLBE_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
MLVNR TYPE STRING,
VGABE TYPE STRING,
GJAHR TYPE STRING,
BELNR TYPE STRING,
BUZEI TYPE STRING,
BEWTP TYPE STRING,
BUDAT TYPE STRING,
MENGE TYPE STRING,
ZEKKN TYPE STRING,
KALNR TYPE STRING,
POPER TYPE STRING,
BDATJ TYPE STRING,
XWOFF TYPE STRING,
HRKFT TYPE STRING,
KSTAR TYPE STRING,
BWART TYPE STRING,
CPUDT TYPE STRING,
CPUTM TYPE STRING,
_DATAAGING TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_MLBE_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_MLBE_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_MLBE_STR-MLVNR sy-vline 
WA_MLBE_STR-VGABE sy-vline 
WA_MLBE_STR-GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_MLBE_STR-BELNR sy-vline 
WA_MLBE_STR-BUZEI sy-vline 
WA_MLBE_STR-BEWTP sy-vline 
WA_MLBE_STR-BUDAT sy-vline 
WA_MLBE_STR-MENGE sy-vline 
WA_MLBE_STR-ZEKKN sy-vline 
WA_MLBE_STR-KALNR sy-vline 
WA_MLBE_STR-POPER sy-vline 
WA_MLBE_STR-BDATJ sy-vline 
WA_MLBE_STR-XWOFF sy-vline 
WA_MLBE_STR-HRKFT sy-vline 
WA_MLBE_STR-KSTAR sy-vline 
WA_MLBE_STR-BWART sy-vline 
WA_MLBE_STR-CPUDT sy-vline 
WA_MLBE_STR-CPUTM sy-vline 
WA_MLBE_STR-_DATAAGING sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.