ABAP Select data from SAP table MDTB into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP MDTB table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to MDTB. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the MDTB table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_MDTB TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF MDTB,
      WA_MDTB TYPE MDTB,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <MDTB> TYPE MDTB.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_MDTB.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM MDTB
  INTO TABLE IT_MDTB.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM MDTB
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_MDTB2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_MDTB INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_MDTB2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_MDTB ASSIGNING <MDTB>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<MDTB>-MANDT = 1.
<MDTB>-DTNUM = 1.
<MDTB>-DTPOS = 1.
<MDTB>-PLAKZ = 1.
<MDTB>-PLANR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_MDTB INTO WA_MDTB.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_MDTB-DAT00, sy-vline,
  WA_MDTB-SORT1, sy-vline,
  WA_MDTB-SORT2, sy-vline,
  WA_MDTB-DELKZ, sy-vline,
  WA_MDTB-VSTAT, sy-vline,
  WA_MDTB-VRFKZ, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_MDTB you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_MDTB TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_MDTB INTO WA_MDTB.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field BAUGR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MDTB-BAUGR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MDTB-BAUGR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit NUMCV, internal->external for field REVLV
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_NUMCV_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MDTB-REVLV
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MDTB-REVLV.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MPNMT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MDTB-MPNMT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MDTB-MPNMT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_MDTB_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
DTNUM TYPE STRING,
DTPOS TYPE STRING,
PLAKZ TYPE STRING,
PLANR TYPE STRING,
DAT00 TYPE STRING,
SORT1 TYPE STRING,
SORT2 TYPE STRING,
DELKZ TYPE STRING,
VSTAT TYPE STRING,
VRFKZ TYPE STRING,
PLUMI TYPE STRING,
MNG01 TYPE STRING,
MNG02 TYPE STRING,
MNG03 TYPE STRING,
DAT01 TYPE STRING,
DAT02 TYPE STRING,
DAT03 TYPE STRING,
PERKZ TYPE STRING,
PRPER TYPE STRING,
WEBAZ TYPE STRING,
FIX01 TYPE STRING,
FIX02 TYPE STRING,
BAART TYPE STRING,
BESKZ TYPE STRING,
SOBES TYPE STRING,
UMSKZ TYPE STRING,
PLART TYPE STRING,
AUSSL TYPE STRING,
WRK02 TYPE STRING,
LGORT TYPE STRING,
DELNR TYPE STRING,
DELPS TYPE STRING,
DELET TYPE STRING,
AUFVR TYPE STRING,
POSVR TYPE STRING,
EINVR TYPE STRING,
UKZ01 TYPE STRING,
UMDAT TYPE STRING,
DEL12 TYPE STRING,
BAUGR TYPE STRING,
DELVR TYPE STRING,
VERSB TYPE STRING,
OLDSL TYPE STRING,
RDMNG TYPE STRING,
PLAAB TYPE STRING,
TAG00 TYPE STRING,
ABEKZ TYPE STRING,
MDFST TYPE STRING,
MDMNG TYPE STRING,
VERID TYPE STRING,
WRK01 TYPE STRING,
SERNR TYPE STRING,
REVLV TYPE STRING,
DBSKZ TYPE STRING,
EXTNL TYPE STRING,
ADINF TYPE STRING,
RESLO TYPE STRING,
PRIO_URG TYPE STRING,
PRIO_REQ TYPE STRING,
MPNMT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_MDTB_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_MDTB_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-DTNUM sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-DTPOS sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-PLAKZ sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-PLANR sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-DAT00 sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-SORT1 sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-SORT2 sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-DELKZ sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-VSTAT sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-VRFKZ sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-PLUMI sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-MNG01 sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-MNG02 sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-MNG03 sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-DAT01 sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-DAT02 sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-DAT03 sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-PERKZ sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-PRPER sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-WEBAZ sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-FIX01 sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-FIX02 sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-BAART sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-BESKZ sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-SOBES sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-UMSKZ sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-PLART sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-AUSSL sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-WRK02 sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-LGORT sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-DELNR sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-DELPS sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-DELET sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-AUFVR sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-POSVR sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-EINVR sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-UKZ01 sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-UMDAT sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-DEL12 sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-BAUGR sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-DELVR sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-VERSB sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-OLDSL sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-RDMNG sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-PLAAB sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-TAG00 sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-ABEKZ sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-MDFST sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-MDMNG sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-VERID sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-WRK01 sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-SERNR sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-REVLV sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-DBSKZ sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-EXTNL sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-ADINF sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-RESLO sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-PRIO_URG sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-PRIO_REQ sy-vline 
WA_MDTB_STR-MPNMT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.