ABAP Select data from SAP table MDRB into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP MDRB table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to MDRB. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the MDRB table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_MDRB TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF MDRB,
      WA_MDRB TYPE MDRB,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <MDRB> TYPE MDRB.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_MDRB.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM MDRB
  INTO TABLE IT_MDRB.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM MDRB
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_MDRB2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_MDRB INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_MDRB2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_MDRB ASSIGNING <MDRB>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<MDRB>-VBELN = 1.
<MDRB>-POSNE = 1.
<MDRB>-ETENE = 1.
<MDRB>-DELB1 = 1.
<MDRB>-DAT00 = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_MDRB INTO WA_MDRB.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_MDRB-MNG01, sy-vline,
  WA_MDRB-MNG02, sy-vline,
  WA_MDRB-MNG03, sy-vline,
  WA_MDRB-MNG04, sy-vline,
  WA_MDRB-MNG14, sy-vline,
  WA_MDRB-VSTAT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_MDRB you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_MDRB TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_MDRB INTO WA_MDRB.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VBELN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MDRB-VBELN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MDRB-VBELN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_MDRB_STR, 
VBELN TYPE STRING,
POSNE TYPE STRING,
ETENE TYPE STRING,
DELB1 TYPE STRING,
DAT00 TYPE STRING,
MNG01 TYPE STRING,
MNG02 TYPE STRING,
MNG03 TYPE STRING,
MNG04 TYPE STRING,
MNG14 TYPE STRING,
VSTAT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_MDRB_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_MDRB_STR-VBELN sy-vline 
WA_MDRB_STR-POSNE sy-vline 
WA_MDRB_STR-ETENE sy-vline 
WA_MDRB_STR-DELB1 sy-vline 
WA_MDRB_STR-DAT00 sy-vline 
WA_MDRB_STR-MNG01 sy-vline 
WA_MDRB_STR-MNG02 sy-vline 
WA_MDRB_STR-MNG03 sy-vline 
WA_MDRB_STR-MNG04 sy-vline 
WA_MDRB_STR-MNG14 sy-vline 
WA_MDRB_STR-VSTAT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.