ABAP Select data from SAP table MCWBGT into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP MCWBGT table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to MCWBGT. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the MCWBGT table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_MCWBGT TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF MCWBGT,
      WA_MCWBGT TYPE MCWBGT,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <MCWBGT> TYPE MCWBGT.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_MCWBGT.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM MCWBGT
  INTO TABLE IT_MCWBGT.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM MCWBGT
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_MCWBGT2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_MCWBGT INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_MCWBGT2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_MCWBGT ASSIGNING <MCWBGT>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<MCWBGT>-SUPKZ = 1.
<MCWBGT>-MANDT = 1.
<MCWBGT>-RUUID = 1.
<MCWBGT>-DOC_TYPE = 1.
<MCWBGT>-VBELN = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_MCWBGT INTO WA_MCWBGT.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_MCWBGT-POSNR, sy-vline,
  WA_MCWBGT-POSNR_SUB, sy-vline,
  WA_MCWBGT-GJAHR, sy-vline,
  WA_MCWBGT-TKONN, sy-vline,
  WA_MCWBGT-TPOSN, sy-vline,
  WA_MCWBGT-TPOSN_SUB, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_MCWBGT you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_MCWBGT TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_MCWBGT INTO WA_MCWBGT.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VBELN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCWBGT-VBELN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCWBGT-VBELN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCWBGT-GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCWBGT-GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field TKONN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCWBGT-TKONN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCWBGT-TKONN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field POD_UOM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCWBGT-POD_UOM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCWBGT-POD_UOM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field PUR_UOM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCWBGT-PUR_UOM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCWBGT-PUR_UOM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field PRED_DOC_YEAR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCWBGT-PRED_DOC_YEAR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCWBGT-PRED_DOC_YEAR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCWBGT-MATNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCWBGT-MATNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field UNIT_DOC
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCWBGT-UNIT_DOC
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCWBGT-UNIT_DOC.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit EXCRT, internal->external for field RATE_VAL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_EXCRT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCWBGT-RATE_VAL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCWBGT-RATE_VAL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field CWM_MEINS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCWBGT-CWM_MEINS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCWBGT-CWM_MEINS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit EXCRT, internal->external for field RATE_EXP
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_EXCRT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCWBGT-RATE_EXP
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCWBGT-RATE_EXP.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR_PRED
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCWBGT-GJAHR_PRED
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCWBGT-GJAHR_PRED.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PRED_DOCUMENT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCWBGT-PRED_DOCUMENT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCWBGT-PRED_DOCUMENT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_MCWBGT_STR, 
SUPKZ TYPE STRING,
MANDT TYPE STRING,
RUUID TYPE STRING,
DOC_TYPE TYPE STRING,
VBELN TYPE STRING,
POSNR TYPE STRING,
POSNR_SUB TYPE STRING,
GJAHR TYPE STRING,
TKONN TYPE STRING,
TPOSN TYPE STRING,
TPOSN_SUB TYPE STRING,
ERNAM TYPE STRING,
ERDAT TYPE STRING,
TEW_TYPE TYPE STRING,
MASTER_STEP TYPE STRING,
SCENARIO TYPE STRING,
BUSINESS_STEP TYPE STRING,
TKONN_EX TYPE STRING,
COMPLETE TYPE STRING,
ERROR_TEW TYPE STRING,
PRE_STEP TYPE STRING,
ORIGINAL_STEP TYPE STRING,
POD_QUAN TYPE STRING,
POD_UOM TYPE STRING,
PUR_QUAN TYPE STRING,
PUR_UOM TYPE STRING,
GUID TYPE STRING,
TEW_MODE TYPE STRING,
DEL_FLAG TYPE STRING,
REL_FLAG TYPE STRING,
SEND_COMPL TYPE STRING,
PRED_DOC_TYPE TYPE STRING,
PRED_DOC_NR TYPE STRING,
PRED_DOC_YEAR TYPE STRING,
PRED_DOC_BUKRS TYPE STRING,
PRED_ITEM TYPE STRING,
PRED_SUB_ITEM TYPE STRING,
SIDE TYPE STRING,
MATNR TYPE STRING,
MATKL TYPE STRING,
WERKS TYPE STRING,
LGORT TYPE STRING,
CHARG TYPE STRING,
OWN_QUAN TYPE STRING,
UNIT_DOC TYPE STRING,
UMZ TYPE STRING,
UMN TYPE STRING,
VALUE TYPE STRING,
VAL_TYPE TYPE STRING,
TAX_VAL TYPE STRING,
RATE_VAL TYPE STRING,
CURR_VAL TYPE STRING,
VALUE_COST TYPE STRING,
AV_DATE TYPE STRING,
RET_ITEM TYPE STRING,
BWTAR TYPE STRING,
MOVE_TYPE_CODE TYPE STRING,
CWM_MENGE TYPE STRING,
CWM_MEINS TYPE STRING,
GROUP_CODE TYPE STRING,
EXP_SUM TYPE STRING,
TAX_EXP_SUM TYPE STRING,
EXP_RP TYPE STRING,
EXP_NRP TYPE STRING,
EXP_RS TYPE STRING,
EXP_NRS TYPE STRING,
RATE_EXP TYPE STRING,
CURR_EXP TYPE STRING,
HAS_SHADOW_TC TYPE STRING,
_DATAAGING TYPE STRING,
DUMMY_WBGT_INCL_EEW_PS TYPE STRING,
DI_STATUS TYPE STRING,
UPDKZ TYPE STRING,
GJAHR_PRED TYPE STRING,
PRED_DOCUMENT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_MCWBGT_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_MCWBGT_STR-SUPKZ sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-RUUID sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-DOC_TYPE sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-VBELN sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-POSNR sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-POSNR_SUB sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-TKONN sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-TPOSN sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-TPOSN_SUB sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-ERNAM sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-ERDAT sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-TEW_TYPE sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-MASTER_STEP sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-SCENARIO sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-BUSINESS_STEP sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-TKONN_EX sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-COMPLETE sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-ERROR_TEW sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-PRE_STEP sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-ORIGINAL_STEP sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-POD_QUAN sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-POD_UOM sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-PUR_QUAN sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-PUR_UOM sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-GUID sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-TEW_MODE sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-DEL_FLAG sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-REL_FLAG sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-SEND_COMPL sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-PRED_DOC_TYPE sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-PRED_DOC_NR sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-PRED_DOC_YEAR sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-PRED_DOC_BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-PRED_ITEM sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-PRED_SUB_ITEM sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-SIDE sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-MATNR sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-MATKL sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-WERKS sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-LGORT sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-CHARG sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-OWN_QUAN sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-UNIT_DOC sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-UMZ sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-UMN sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-VALUE sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-VAL_TYPE sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-TAX_VAL sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-RATE_VAL sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-CURR_VAL sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-VALUE_COST sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-AV_DATE sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-RET_ITEM sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-BWTAR sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-MOVE_TYPE_CODE sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-CWM_MENGE sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-CWM_MEINS sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-GROUP_CODE sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-EXP_SUM sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-TAX_EXP_SUM sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-EXP_RP sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-EXP_NRP sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-EXP_RS sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-EXP_NRS sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-RATE_EXP sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-CURR_EXP sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-HAS_SHADOW_TC sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-_DATAAGING sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-DUMMY_WBGT_INCL_EEW_PS sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-DI_STATUS sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-UPDKZ sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-GJAHR_PRED sy-vline 
WA_MCWBGT_STR-PRED_DOCUMENT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.