ABAP Select data from SAP table MCVCACHAR into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP MCVCACHAR table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to MCVCACHAR. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the MCVCACHAR table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_MCVCACHAR TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF MCVCACHAR,
      WA_MCVCACHAR TYPE MCVCACHAR,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <MCVCACHAR> TYPE MCVCACHAR.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_MCVCACHAR.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM MCVCACHAR
  INTO TABLE IT_MCVCACHAR.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM MCVCACHAR
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_MCVCACHAR2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_MCVCACHAR INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_MCVCACHAR2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_MCVCACHAR ASSIGNING <MCVCACHAR>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<MCVCACHAR>-LIFNR = 1.
<MCVCACHAR>-VSTEL = 1.
<MCVCACHAR>-ROUTE = 1.
<MCVCACHAR>-PSPDNR = 1.
<MCVCACHAR>-PKUNRE = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_MCVCACHAR INTO WA_MCVCACHAR.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_MCVCACHAR-PKUNRG, sy-vline,
  WA_MCVCACHAR-PVRTNR, sy-vline,
  WA_MCVCACHAR-KDGRP, sy-vline,
  WA_MCVCACHAR-BZIRK, sy-vline,
  WA_MCVCACHAR-VKORG, sy-vline,
  WA_MCVCACHAR-SPARA, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_MCVCACHAR you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_MCVCACHAR TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_MCVCACHAR INTO WA_MCVCACHAR.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LIFNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCVCACHAR-LIFNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCVCACHAR-LIFNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PSPDNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCVCACHAR-PSPDNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCVCACHAR-PSPDNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PKUNRE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCVCACHAR-PKUNRE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCVCACHAR-PKUNRE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PKUNRG
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCVCACHAR-PKUNRG
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCVCACHAR-PKUNRG.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KUNNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCVCACHAR-KUNNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCVCACHAR-KUNNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KUNAG
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCVCACHAR-KUNAG
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCVCACHAR-KUNAG.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_MCVCACHAR_STR, 
LIFNR TYPE STRING,
VSTEL TYPE STRING,
ROUTE TYPE STRING,
PSPDNR TYPE STRING,
PKUNRE TYPE STRING,
PKUNRG TYPE STRING,
PVRTNR TYPE STRING,
KDGRP TYPE STRING,
BZIRK TYPE STRING,
VKORG TYPE STRING,
SPARA TYPE STRING,
LFART TYPE STRING,
FAKSK TYPE STRING,
LIFSK TYPE STRING,
ABLAD TYPE STRING,
INCO1 TYPE STRING,
INCO2 TYPE STRING,
KUNNR TYPE STRING,
KUNAG TYPE STRING,
LSTEL TYPE STRING,
WADAT_IST TYPE STRING,
LFDAT TYPE STRING,
VBTYP TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_MCVCACHAR_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_MCVCACHAR_STR-LIFNR sy-vline 
WA_MCVCACHAR_STR-VSTEL sy-vline 
WA_MCVCACHAR_STR-ROUTE sy-vline 
WA_MCVCACHAR_STR-PSPDNR sy-vline 
WA_MCVCACHAR_STR-PKUNRE sy-vline 
WA_MCVCACHAR_STR-PKUNRG sy-vline 
WA_MCVCACHAR_STR-PVRTNR sy-vline 
WA_MCVCACHAR_STR-KDGRP sy-vline 
WA_MCVCACHAR_STR-BZIRK sy-vline 
WA_MCVCACHAR_STR-VKORG sy-vline 
WA_MCVCACHAR_STR-SPARA sy-vline 
WA_MCVCACHAR_STR-LFART sy-vline 
WA_MCVCACHAR_STR-FAKSK sy-vline 
WA_MCVCACHAR_STR-LIFSK sy-vline 
WA_MCVCACHAR_STR-ABLAD sy-vline 
WA_MCVCACHAR_STR-INCO1 sy-vline 
WA_MCVCACHAR_STR-INCO2 sy-vline 
WA_MCVCACHAR_STR-KUNNR sy-vline 
WA_MCVCACHAR_STR-KUNAG sy-vline 
WA_MCVCACHAR_STR-LSTEL sy-vline 
WA_MCVCACHAR_STR-WADAT_IST sy-vline 
WA_MCVCACHAR_STR-LFDAT sy-vline 
WA_MCVCACHAR_STR-VBTYP sy-vline 
WA_MCVCACHAR_STR-BUKRS sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.