ABAP Select data from SAP table MCVAACHAR into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP MCVAACHAR table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to MCVAACHAR. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the MCVAACHAR table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_MCVAACHAR TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF MCVAACHAR,
      WA_MCVAACHAR TYPE MCVAACHAR,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <MCVAACHAR> TYPE MCVAACHAR.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_MCVAACHAR.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM MCVAACHAR
  INTO TABLE IT_MCVAACHAR.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM MCVAACHAR
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_MCVAACHAR2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_MCVAACHAR INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_MCVAACHAR2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_MCVAACHAR ASSIGNING <MCVAACHAR>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<MCVAACHAR>-WAERK = 1.
<MCVAACHAR>-HWAER = 1.
<MCVAACHAR>-STWAE = 1.
<MCVAACHAR>-BUKRS = 1.
<MCVAACHAR>-AUART = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_MCVAACHAR INTO WA_MCVAACHAR.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_MCVAACHAR-VBTYP, sy-vline,
  WA_MCVAACHAR-VKORG, sy-vline,
  WA_MCVAACHAR-VTWEG, sy-vline,
  WA_MCVAACHAR-VKBUR, sy-vline,
  WA_MCVAACHAR-KVGR1, sy-vline,
  WA_MCVAACHAR-KVGR2, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_MCVAACHAR you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_MCVAACHAR TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_MCVAACHAR INTO WA_MCVAACHAR.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit AUART, internal->external for field AUART
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AUART_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCVAACHAR-AUART
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCVAACHAR-AUART.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KUNNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_MCVAACHAR-KUNNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_MCVAACHAR-KUNNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_MCVAACHAR_STR, 
WAERK TYPE STRING,
HWAER TYPE STRING,
STWAE TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
AUART TYPE STRING,
VBTYP TYPE STRING,
VKORG TYPE STRING,
VTWEG TYPE STRING,
VKBUR TYPE STRING,
KVGR1 TYPE STRING,
KVGR2 TYPE STRING,
KVGR3 TYPE STRING,
KVGR4 TYPE STRING,
KVGR5 TYPE STRING,
VKGRP TYPE STRING,
KUNNR TYPE STRING,
SPARA TYPE STRING,
AUGRU TYPE STRING,
FAKSK TYPE STRING,
LIFSK TYPE STRING,
VGTYP_AK TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_MCVAACHAR_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_MCVAACHAR_STR-WAERK sy-vline 
WA_MCVAACHAR_STR-HWAER sy-vline 
WA_MCVAACHAR_STR-STWAE sy-vline 
WA_MCVAACHAR_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_MCVAACHAR_STR-AUART sy-vline 
WA_MCVAACHAR_STR-VBTYP sy-vline 
WA_MCVAACHAR_STR-VKORG sy-vline 
WA_MCVAACHAR_STR-VTWEG sy-vline 
WA_MCVAACHAR_STR-VKBUR sy-vline 
WA_MCVAACHAR_STR-KVGR1 sy-vline 
WA_MCVAACHAR_STR-KVGR2 sy-vline 
WA_MCVAACHAR_STR-KVGR3 sy-vline 
WA_MCVAACHAR_STR-KVGR4 sy-vline 
WA_MCVAACHAR_STR-KVGR5 sy-vline 
WA_MCVAACHAR_STR-VKGRP sy-vline 
WA_MCVAACHAR_STR-KUNNR sy-vline 
WA_MCVAACHAR_STR-SPARA sy-vline 
WA_MCVAACHAR_STR-AUGRU sy-vline 
WA_MCVAACHAR_STR-FAKSK sy-vline 
WA_MCVAACHAR_STR-LIFSK sy-vline 
WA_MCVAACHAR_STR-VGTYP_AK sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.